References

With live links to sources except for ones that ceased operation, specifically athenaeum.org and cornell.edu

https://web.archive.org/web/20190830065446/https://civilwarscholars.com/references/

A book can change one’s mind that then changes the world. The father of modern steam turbine technology, James Rumsey of Shepherdstown WV, came across a book

explaining Isaac Newton’s three laws of motion, one being:

“for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction,” got him thinking about a jet propelled boat, basically the forerunner of the jet ski. But he took this idea much further.

The book that caused his thought revolution was by Theophilus Desaguliers.

This is a listing of books, articles, and maps that are available in print and/or online, relating fairly directly with the northern (lower) Shenandoah Valley during the Civil War period. Links are not given because over time they often change.

Two examples have been the cessation of athenaeum.org, a source of thousands of high-quality images and their descriptions of great paintings; and the changed online location of Harpers New Monthly Magazine and the Official Record of the War of the Rebellion from the Digital Library of Cornell University which was moved to hathitrust.org. Of course, searching using the title and author of the work in any search engine will probably do the job.

A – D

Abbott, Haviland. “General John D. Imboden.” West Virginia History. Vol. 20. pp. 88-122. Print.

Adams, Charles S. (1998) “Alexander Robinson Boteler: Wheelhorse of Whiggery, Stonewall’s Courier.” Shepherdstown, WV: by author. Based on a 1939 master’s thesis by Emily Timberlake. Print.

Adams, I. H. (1858). Map of the city of Richmond, Virginia From a survey by I. H. Adams, Assist., U.S. Coast Survey, 1858, with additions from Smith’s map of Henrico County, 1853. Prepared at the U.S. Coast Survey Office, A. D. Bache, Supt. H. Lindenkohl & Chas. G. Krebs, lith.). Print.

Adams, I. H. (1858). Map of the city of Richmond, Virginia From a survey by I. H. Adams, Assist., U.S. Coast Survey, 1858, with additions from Smith’s map of Henrico County, 1853. United States. The Library of Congress: American Memory. “Maps Collection.” 27 Oct. 2009 Web. 10 Sept. 2010.

Aglionby, Charles. “The Day Book Kept By Charles Aglionby at Mount Pleasant, Charles Town, Jefferson County, Virginia.” 6 March, 1861 to 1 January, 1866.” Transcribed by Francis John Aglionby (1932-2002). With permission from Julia Aglionby. (Available at the Jefferson County Museum, Charles Town, WV). Print.

Aglionby, Francis. (1987). “Charles Aglionby of Mount Pleasant and the Years 1861 to 1865.” Magazine of the Jefferson County Historical Society Vol. LIII. pp. 14-20. Print.

Alcott, Louisa May. (1869). “Hospital Sketches; And, Camp and Fireside Stories.” Cambridge, MA.: John Wilson & Company. Print.

Alcott, Louisa May. (1869). “Hospital Sketches; And, Camp and Fireside Stories.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 May 2011.

Alcott, Louisa May. (1889). “Louisa May Alcott: her life, letters, and journals.” Boston, MA: Roberts Brothers. Print.

Alcott, Louisa May. (1889). “Louisa May Alcott: her life, letters, and journals.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 May 2011.

Alexander, John H. (1907). “Mosby’s Men.” New York,NY: The Neale Pub. Co. Print.

Alexander, John H. (1907). “Mosby’s Men.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011.

Ambler, C. H. “General R. E. Lee’s Northwest Virginia Campaign.” West Virginia History. Vol. 5. pp. 101-118. Print.

Ames, Mary Clemmer. (1872). “Eirene or A Woman’s Right.” G. P. Putnam & Sons: New York, NY. pp. 155-178. Print.

Ames, Mary Clemmer. (1872). “Eirene or A Woman’s Right.” Google.com 11 November 1998 Web 3 December 2012.

Ames, Mary Catherine. “The Battle of Harpers Ferry As a Woman Saw It.” Encore, September, 1945. pp. 343-348. Reprinted in “The New York Evening Post,” 1862.

Anderson, Osborne. (1861). “A Voice from Harper’s Ferry: A Narrative of Events at Harper’s Ferry; with Incidents Prior and Subsequent to its Capture by Captain Brown and His Men.” Boston MA: self-published. Print.

Anderson, Osborne. (1861). “A Voice from Harper’s Ferry: A Narrative of Events at Harper’s Ferry; with Incidents Prior and Subsequent to its Capture by Captain Brown and His Men.” Date of publication online not available. Web. 29 Dec. 2010.

Andrews, Eliza F. (1908). “The war-time journal of a Georgia girl, 1864-1865.” New York, N.Y. : D. Appleton & Company. Print.

Andrews, Eliza F. (1908). “The war-time journal of a Georgia girl, 1864-1865.”Perseus Digital Library at Tufts University. 10 May 2008. Web. 1 Oct. 2011.

Eliza Frances Andrews.” Documenting the American South: The University of North Carolina Library. 22 Aug. 2008. Web. 1 Oct. 2011.

Andrews, Rev. C.W. (1877). “Memoir of Rev. C. W. Andrews.” Cornelius Walker, ed. New York, NY: Thomas Whittaker, 2 Bible House. Print.

Andrews, Rev. C.W. (1877). “Memoir of Rev. C. W. Andrews.” Cornelius Walker, ed. Google Books. 19 July 2008. Web. 24 Dec. 2010.

Arnold, Isaac H. (June, 1868). “Plot To Assassinate Abraham Lincoln.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine. Vol. 37. pp. 123-128. Print.

Arnold, Isaac H. (June, 1868). “Plot To Assassinate Abraham Lincoln.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine. Vol. 37. Cornell University Library The Making of American. 6 June 2009 Web. 15 November 2011.

Alexander, Ted. (2011). “Battle of Antietam: The Bloodiest Day.” Charleston, SC.:The History Press Civil War Sesquicentennial Series. Print.

Ames, Mary C.(1871). “Eirene: Or, A Woman’s Right.” New York, NY: G.P. Putnam & Sons. Print.

Avey, Elijah. (1906).”The Capture & Execution of John Brown: A Tale of Martyrdom.” Chicago, IL: Hyde Park Bindery. Print.

Avey, Elijah. (1906). ”The Capture & Execution of John Brown: A Tale of Martyrdom.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 17 April 2011.

Arter, Jared M. (1922). “Echoes From A Pioneer Life.” Atlanta: GA: A. B. Caldwell Publishing. Co. Print.

Arter, Jared M. (1922). “Echoes From A Pioneer Life.” Documenting the American South: The University of North Carolina Library. 22 Aug. 2008. Web. 28 Dec. 2010.

Bailey, Kenneth R. “One of the Famous 54th Massachusetts: A Short Biography of General John W. M. Appleton.” West Virginia History. Vol. 31. pp. 161-179. Print.

Baker, William Washington. (1910). “Memoirs of service with John Yates Beall, C.S.N.” Freeman, Douglas Southall, ed. Richmond, Va.: Richmond Press. Print.

Baker, William Washington. (1910). “Memoirs of service with John Yates Beall, C.S.N.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2010.

Baldwin Locomotive Works; Burnham, Parry, Williams & Co. (1881). “Illustrated catalogue of Locomotives.” Philadelphia : J.B. Lippincott & Co. Print.

Baldwin Locomotive Works; Burnham, Parry, Williams & Co. (1881). “Illustrated catalogue of Locomotives.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 13 June 2012.

Ballard, Ted. (2007). “Battle of First Bull Run.” Washington, D.C.: Center for Military History, United States Army. Print.

Barber, E. A. (1893). “The Pottery and Porcelain of the United States.” New York, NY: G.P. Putnam’s & Sons.

Barber, E. A. (1893). “The Pottery and Porcelain of the United States.” Internet Archive 26 January 1997 Web. 1 October 2015.

Barger, Raymond G. and Rev. H. Austin Cooper. (1991). “A Chronological History of Berlin-Brunswick, Maryland.” Brunswick, MD: The Brunswick Citizen. Print.

Barger, Raymond G. and Rev. H. Austin Cooper. (1991). “A Chronological History of Berlin-Brunswick, Maryland.” Brunswick, MD History. 16 December 2003 Web. 11 April 2012.

Barlow, Francis C. (2004) “Fear Was Not In Him: The Civil War Letters of Major General Francis C. Barlow, U.S.A.,” ed. Christian G. Samito. New York, NY: Fordham University Press. Print.

Bayard, Ferdinand Marie, (1950). “Travels of a Frenchman in Maryland and Virginia,
with a description of Philadelphia and Baltimore, in 1791: or, Travels in the interior of the United States, to Bath, Winchester, in the valley of the Shenandoah, etc., etc., during the summer of 1791.” Translated and edited, with introd., notes, and index, by Ben C. McCary. [Ann Arbor, MI: Edwards Brothers https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001263616

Barry, Joseph. (1903). “The Strange Story of Harper’s Ferry: with legends of the surrounding country.” Martinsburg, WV.: Thompson Brothers. Print.

Barry, Joseph. (1903). “The Strange Story of Harper’s Ferry: with legends of the surrounding country.” Google Books. 19 July 2008. Web. 24 Dec. 2010.

Baylor, George. (1900).”Bull Run to Bull Run: Four years in the army of northern Virginia.” Richmond, VA: B. F. Johnson Publishing. Print.

Baylor, George. (1900).”Bull Run to Bull Run: Four years in the army of northern Virginia.”Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011.

Beach, William H. (1902). “The First New York (Lincoln) Cavalry From April 19, 1861 to July 7, 1865.” New York, NY: The New York Cavalry Association. Print.

Beach, William H. (1902). “The First New York (Lincoln) Cavalry From April 19, 1861 to July 7, 1865.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011.
pp. 218-219.

Beale, R. L. T. (1899). “History of the Ninth Virginia cavalry, in the war between the states.” Richmond, VA.: B. F. Johnson publishing company. Print.

Beale, R. L. T. (1899). “History of the Ninth Virginia cavalry, in the war between the states.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 20 Oct. 2012. Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 20 Oct. 2012.
Battle of Shepherdstown pp. 43

Beall, John Y. (1865).”Memoir of John Yates Beall: his life; trial; correspondence; diary; and private manuscript found among his papers, including his own account of the raid on Lake Erie.” Montreal, ONT, Canada: J. Lovell, publishers. Print.

Beall, John Y. (1865). “Memoir of John Yates Beall: his life; trial; correspondence; diary; and private manuscript found among his papers, including his own account of the raid on Lake Erie.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 24 Dec. 2010.

Bean, W. G. “Stonewall Jackson’s Jolly Chaplain, Beverly Tucker Lacy.” West Virginia History. Vol. 29. pp. 77-96. Print.

Bearss, Edwin. “War Comes to the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal.” West Virginia History. Vol. 29. pp. 153-177. Print.

Bearss, Edwin C. “1862 Brings Hard Times to the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal.” West Virginia History. Vol. 30. pp. 436-462. Print.

Beatty, John. (1879). “The Citizen-soldier: Or, Memoirs of a Volunteer.”
Cincinnati, OH: Wilstach, Baldwin & co. Print.

Beatty, John. (1879). “The Citizen-soldier: Or, Memoirs of a Volunteer.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2012.

Beckman, James A. (2007) “James B. Washington: An Often Forgotten One-Time Resident and Descendant of the George Washington Family in Jefferson County.” Magazine of the Jefferson County Historical Society Vol. LXXIII. pp. 55-61. Print.

Beale, R. L. T. (1899). “History of the Ninth Virginia cavalry, in the war between the states.” Richmond, Va: B. F. Johnson publishing company Print.

Beale, R. L. T. (1899). “History of the Ninth Virginia cavalry, in the war between the states.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 January 2016.
pp. 43-45.

Beers, F. W. (1877). “Illustrated atlas of the city of Richmond, Va.”
Richmond, VA.: Southern and Southwestern Surveying and Pub. Co. Print.

Berkey, Jonathan M. (2003). “War in the Borderland: The Civilians’ Civil War in Virginia’s Lower Shenandoah Valley.” PhD dissertation. State College, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press. Print.

Bennett, Edwin C.(1900). “Musket and sword: or, The camp, march, and firing line in the Army of the Potomac.” Boston, MA: Coburn Publishers, Inc. Print.

Bennett, Edwin C.(1900). “Musket and sword: or, The camp, march, and firing line in the Army of the Potomac.” Google.com 11 November 1998 Web. 28 October 2012.

Bennett, William W. (1877). “A Narrative of the Great Revival Which Prevailed in the Southern Armies During the Late Civil War.” Philadelphia, PA.: Claxton, Remsen & Haffelfinger. Print.

Bennett, William W. (1877). “A Narrative of the Great Revival Which Prevailed in the Southern Armies During the Late Civil War.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011.

Bigelow, Jacob, (1817). “American medical botany, being a collection of the native medicinal plants of the United States, containing their botanical history and chemical analysis, and properties and uses in medicine, diet and the arts, with coloured engravings. Vol. 1.” Boston, MA: Cummings & Hilliard. Print

Bigelow, Jacob, (1817). “American medical botany, being a collection of the native medicinal plants of the United States, containing their botanical history and chemical analysis, and properties and uses in medicine, diet and the arts, with coloured engravings. Vol. 1.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 16 Feb. 2011.

Bigelow, Jacob, (1817). “American medical botany, being a collection of the native medicinal plants of the United States, containing their botanical history and chemical analysis, and properties and uses in medicine, diet and the arts, with coloured engravings. Vol. 2.” Boston, MA: Cummings & Hilliard. Print

Bigelow, Jacob, (1817). “American medical botany, being a collection of the native medicinal plants of the United States, containing their botanical history and chemical analysis, and properties and uses in medicine, diet and the arts, with coloured engravings. Vol. 2.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 16 Feb. 2011.

Bigelow, Jacob, (1817). “American medical botany, being a collection of the native medicinal plants of the United States, containing their botanical history and chemical analysis, and properties and uses in medicine, diet and the arts, with coloured engravings. Vol. 3.” Boston, MA: Cummings & Hilliard. Print

Bigelow, Jacob, (1817). “American medical botany, being a collection of the native medicinal plants of the United States, containing their botanical history and chemical analysis, and properties and uses in medicine, diet and the arts, with coloured engravings. Vol. 3.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 16 Feb. 2011.

Black, Wilfred. “Civil War Letters of George Washington McMillen and Jefferson O. McMillen, 122nd Regiment, O.V.I..” West Virginia History. Vol. 32. pp. 171-193. Print.

Blackford, William W. (1945). “War Years with Jeb Stuart.” New York, NY: Charles Scribner’s Sons. Print.

Blackford, William W. (1945). “War Years with Jeb Stuart.” Google Books. 19 July 2008. Web. 24 Dec. 2010.

Boteler, Alexander R. (July, 1883). “Recollections of the John Brown Raid By a Virginian Who Witnessed It.” Century Magazine. Vol. 26. New York, Scribner & Co. pp. 399-411. Print.

Boteler, Alexander R. (July, 1883). “Recollections of the John Brown Raid By a Virginian Who Witnessed It.” Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia Library. 7 Nov. 2007. Web. 26 Aug. 2010.

Booth, George Wilson. (1898). “Personal reminiscences of a Maryland soldier in the war between the states, 1861-1865.” Press of Fleet, McGinley. Print.

Booth, George Wilson. (1898). “Personal reminiscences of a Maryland soldier in the war between the states, 1861-1865.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 May 2011.

Bourry, Emile; Wilton P. Rix. (1901). ”Treatise on Ceramic Industries: A Complete Manual for Pottery, Tile and Brick Works.” London, UK: Scott & Greenwood & Co.

Bourry, Emile; Wilton P. Rix. (1901). ”Treatise on Ceramic Industries: A Complete Manual for Pottery, Tile and Brick Works.” Internet Archive 26 January 1997 Web. 1 October 2015.

Bowen, Eli. (1855). “Rambles in the path of the steam-horse. An off-hand olla podrida, embracing a general historical and descriptive view of the scenery, agricultural and mineral resources, and prominent features of the travelled route from Baltimore to Harper’s Ferry, Cumberland, Wheeling, Cincinnati, and Louisville Philadelphia.” W. Bromwell and W. W. Smith; Baltimore, S. B. Hickcox, agent, Print.

Bowen, Eli. (1855). “Rambles in the path of the steam-horse. An off-hand olla podrida, embracing a general historical and descriptive view of the scenery, agricultural and mineral resources, and prominent features of the travelled route from Baltimore to Harper’s Ferry, Cumberland, Wheeling, Cincinnati, and Louisville Philadelphia.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 May 2011.

Brackett, L. P. (1867). “Woman’s work in the Civil War : a record of heroism, patriotism and patience.” Vaughan, Mary C; Bellows, Henry W. (Henry Whitney), 1814-1882. Publisher: Philadelphia, Pa. ; Chicago, Ill. ; Cincinnati, Ohio ; St. Louis, Mo.: Zeigler, McCurdy & Co. ; Boston, Mass. : R.H. Curran. Print.

Brackett, L. P. (1867). “Woman’s work in the Civil War : a record of heroism, patriotism and patience.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 May 2011.

Bright, David L. ed.Confederate Railroads. csa-railroads.com 6 April 2002 Web. 9 June 2012. The contents of this web site are copyrighted. Data may be used from these pages for non-commercial purposes as long as credit is given to David L. Bright and the address of this site is given www.csa-railroads.com. (c 2002-2012).

Bright, Simeon Miller. “The McNeill Rangers: A Study in Confederate Guerilla Warfare.” West Virginia History. Vol. 12. pp. 338-394. Print.

Brockner, William L. (2005). “The Correspondence of Bettie Brittian Koonce, September 1862.” Magazine of the Jefferson County Historical Society. Vol. LXXI.pp. 85-94. Print.

Brown, Edmund R. (1899).”The Twenty-seventh Indiana volunteer infantry in the war of the rebellion, 1861 to 1865. First division, 12th and 20th corps. A history of its recruiting, organization, camp life, marches and battles, together with a roster of the men composing it . . .” Monticello, IND. starting p. 98.

Brown, Edmund R. (1899).”The Twenty-seventh Indiana volunteer infantry in the war of the rebellion, 1861 to 1865. First division, 12th and 20th corps. A history of its recruiting, organization, camp life, marches and battles, together with a roster of the men composing it . . .” Internet Archives. 26 January 1997 Web. 9 September 2012.

Brown, Howell S. “Map of Jefferson County, Virginia From Actual Surveys With Farm Limits, 1852.” Magazine of the Jefferson County Historical Society Vol. XLV. (1979): pp. 1-7. Print.

Brown, S. Howell. (1852). “Map of Jefferson County, Virginia from actual survey with the farm limits.” United States. The Library of Congress: American Memory. “Maps Collection.” 27 Oct. 2009 Web. 10 Sept. 2010.

Brown, S. Howell. (1862). “Map of Jefferson County, VA. / photographed for the Bureau of Topographical Engineers Oct. 1862.” United States. The Library of Congress: American Memory. “Maps Collection.” 27 Oct. 2009 Web 10 Sept. 2010.

Brown, S. Howell; Hoffman, J. Paul. (1863). “Map of the lower [Shenandoah] Valley.” United States. The Library of Congress: American Memory. “Maps Collection.” loc.gov 27 Oct. 2009 Web. 10 Sept. 2010.

Brown, S. Howell. (1883). “Map of Jefferson County, West Virginia from actual survey with the farm limits.” Philadelphia, PA: J. L. Smith. Print.

Brown, S. Howell. (1883). “Map of Jefferson County, West Virginia from actual survey with the farm limits.” United States. The Library of Congress: American Memory. “Maps Collection.” 27 Oct. 2009 Web. 10 Sept. 2010.

Browne, Dunn. (1866). “Mr. Dunn Browne’s Experiences in the Army.” Boston: Nichols and Noyes. Print

Browne, Dunn. (1866). “Mr. Dunn Browne’s Experiences in the Army.” Internet Archives archive.org 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011.

Browne, Francis F. (1886). “The Every-Day Life of Abraham Lincoln.” New York: N.D. Thompson Publishing Co. Print.

Browne, Francis F. (1886). “The Every-Day Life of Abraham Lincoln.” Internet Archives archive.org 9 August 2002 Web. 20 April 2014.
Hatch and Lincoln morning October 3, 1862. pp. 417-418.

Browning, Orville Hickman. “The Diary of Orville Hickman Browning, 2 vols.” edited by Theodore Calvin Pease and James G. Randall, Illinois State Historical Library Collections, vols. 20, 22. Springfield, IL: Illinois State Historical Library, 1925-33. Print.

Bryant, Edwin E. (1891). “History of the Third regiment of Wisconsin veteran volunteer infantry 1861-1865.” Cleveland, OH: Arthur H. Clark company. Print.

Bryant, Edwin E. (1891). “History of the Third regiment of Wisconsin veteran volunteer infantry 1861-1865.” Internet Archives archive.org 9 August 2002 Web. 20 April 2014.

Burke, Dawne R. (2006). “An American Phoenix: Storer College from Slavery to Desegregation 1865-1955.” Pittsburgh, PA.: Geyer Printing House. Print

Bushong, Millard K. “Jackson in the Shenandoah.” West Virginia History. ” Vol. 27. pp. 85-96. Print.

Bushong, Millard K.(2007). “A History of Jefferson County, West Virginia [1719-1940].” Westminster, MD: Heritage Books. Print.

Bushong, Millard K. “A History of Jefferson County, West Virginia [1719-1940].” Google Books. 19 July 2008. Web. 24 Dec. 2010.

Bushong, Millard K.; Bushong, Dean M. “Fightin’ Tom Rosser, C.S.A.” Shippensburg, PA: Beidel Printing House, Inc. Print.

Butterworth, Benjamin. (1892) “The growth of industrial art.” Patent Office. Washington, D.C.: Govt. print. off. Print.

Butterworth, Benjamin. (1892) “The growth of industrial art.” Internet Archives. 26 January 1997 Web. 9 September 2012.

Caldwell, J. F. J. (1866). “The history of a brigade of South Carolinians, known first as ‘Gregg’s’ and subsequently as ‘McGowan’s brigade.” Philadelphia, PA.: King & Baird, printers. Print.

Caldwell, J. F. J. (1866). “The history of a brigade of South Carolinians, known first as ‘Gregg’s’ and subsequently as ‘McGowan’s brigade.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 18 July 2012.

Callahan, James Morton. (1923). “History of West Virginia, old and new.” Vol. 1. Chicago, IL.: The American Historical Society. Print.

Callahan, James Morton. (1923). “History of West Virginia, old and new.” Vol. 1. Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 28 Dec. 2010.

Caplinger, Michael W. (1997). “Bridges Over Time: A Technological Context for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Main Stem at Harpers Ferry, west Virginia.” Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University Institute for the History of Technology & Industrial Archaeology. Print.

Carman, Ezra – Papers, Manuscript Division. Library of Congress. Washington, D. C.

Carman, Ezra A. “The Maryland Campaign of September, 1862, Vol II: Antietam.” Edited and annotated by Thomas G. Clemens.” El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie LLC. Print.

Carman, Ezra A.; edited/annotated by Clemens, Thomas, G. (2010). “The Maryland Campaign of September 1862 Vol. 1: South Mountain.” Edited and annotated by Thomas G. Clemens.” El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie LLC. Print.

Carter, Robert G. (1913). “Four brothers in blue; or, Sunshine and shadows of the War of the Rebellion; a story of the great civil war from Bull Run to Appomattox.” Washington, DC: Press of Gibson Bros., inc. Print.

Carter, Robert G. (1913). “Four brothers in blue; or, Sunshine and shadows of the War of the Rebellion; a story of the great civil war from Bull Run to Appomattox.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 20 Oct. 2012.
Battle of Shepherdstown and Antietam pp. 28-35

Cartmell, Thomas K. (1909) “Shenandoah Valley Pioneers and their Descendants: A History of Frederick County, VA.” Winchester, VA.: Eddy Press Corp. Print.

Cartmell, Thomas K. (1909) “Shenandoah Valley Pioneers and their Descendants: A History of Frederick County, VA.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011.

Casler, John O. (1906). “Four years in the Stonewall Brigade, containing the daily experiences of four year’s service in the ranks from a diary kept at the time.” Marietta, GA: Continental Book Company. Print.

Casler, John O. (1906). “Four years in the Stonewall Brigade, containing the daily experiences of four year’s service in the ranks from a diary kept at the time.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011.

Casper, Scott E. (2008). “Sarah Johnson’s Mount Vernon: The Forgotten History of an American Shrine.” New York, NY: Hill and Wang. Print.

Casper, Scott E. “A Mount Vernon Slave Census, 1815-1861.” University of Nevada at Reno. 4 June 2008. Web. 10 April 2010. (Click on Staff and Faculty – Scott Casper).

Casper, Scott E. “Table 2: Slaves Belonging to John Augustine Washington (II), 1832-1833.” A Mount Vernon Slave Census, 1815-1861. University of Nevada at Reno. 30 Oct. 2010 Web. 22 Feb. 2012.

Casper, Scott E. “Table 3: Slaves Belonging to (John) Augustine Washington (III), 1841-1861.” A Mount Vernon Slave Census, 1815-1861. University of Nevada at Reno. 30 Oct. 2010 Web. 22 Feb. 2012.

Cauley, Avis Mary. (1937). “The Confederacy in the Lower Shenandoah Valley as Illustrated by the Career of Col. Roger Preston Chew.” unpublished Master’s thesis submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA. Print.

Chamblerlain, Joshua L. (Col). (1914). “Abraham Lincoln Seen from the Field.” Rare Lincolniana. New York, NY: William Abbatt. Print, pp. 73-74. (327_328).

Chamblerlain, Joshua L. (Col). (1914). “Abraham Lincoln Seen from the Field.” Rare Lincolniana. Internet Archives archive.org 9 August 2002 Web. 20 April 2014.
pp. 73-74. (327_328).

Chambers, Jennie. (January, 1902). “What a School-Girl saw of John Brown’s Raid.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, Vol. 104. Print.

Chase, Julia; Lee, Laura. (2002). “Winchester Divided: The Civil War Diaries of Julia Chase and Laura Lee.” edited by Michael G. Mahon. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Press. pp. 8-17. Print.

Cheshire, R. M. “Sketches – The Underground Railroad.” Book of the Royal Blue. Vol. III. (October, 1904). pp. 3-4. Print.

Cheshire, R. M. “Sketches – Wizard Clip.” Book of the Royal Blue. Vol. III. (October, 1904). pp. 4-5. Print.

Cheshire, R. M. “Sketches – The Underground Railroad.” Book of the Royal Blue. Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 28 March 2012.

Chew, Roger P. (1911) “Military Operations in Jefferson County, Virginia (and West Va.) 1861-1865.” [s.l.] : Charles Town, WV: published by authority of Jefferson County Camp, U.C.V. [by] Farmers Advocate Printing. Print.

Chew, Roger P. (1911) “Military Operations in Jefferson County, Virginia (and West Va.) 1861-1865.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 24 Dec. 2010.31 Dec. 2010.

Childers, William. “A Virginian’s Dilemma.” West Virginia History. Vol. 27. pp. 173-200. Print.

Chisholm, J. J. (1864). “A Manual of Military Surgery, for the use of surgeons in the Confederate States army; with explanatory plates of all useful operations.” Richmond, VA: Columbia, Evans and Cogswell. Print.

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Whipper, Frances Rollin. (1883). “Life and public services of Martin R. Delany, sub-assistant commissioner, Bureau relief of refugees, freedmen, and of abandoned lands, and late major 104th U.S. colored troops.” Boston, MA: Lee and Shepard. Print.

Whipper, Frances Rollin. (1883). “Life and public services of Martin R. Delany, sub-assistant commissioner, Bureau relief of refugees, freedmen, and of abandoned lands, and late major 104th U.S. colored troops.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 10 April 2010.

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White, Julius. (1887-1888). “The Surrender of Harper’s Ferry.” Battles and Leaders of the Civil War Vol. 2. Internet Archives. 26 January 1997 Web. 9 September 2012.

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Whitman, Walt. (1898). “The wound dresser: a series of letters written from the hospitals in Washington during the war of the rebellion.” Bucke, Richard Maurice, ed. Boston, MA: Small, Maynard. Print.

Whitman, Walt. (1898). “The wound dresser: a series of letters written from the hospitals in Washington during the war of the rebellion.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 May 2011.

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Willey, William P. (1901). “An inside view of the formation of the state of West Virginia.” Wheeling, WV.: The News Pub. Co. Print.

Willey, William P. (1901). “An inside view of the formation of the state of West Virginia.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 28 Dec. 2010.

Williams, George F. (1883). “Bullet and shell. War as the soldier saw it; camp, march, and picket; battlefield and bivouac; prison and hospital.” New York, NY: Fords, Howard, & Hulbert. Print.

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Williamson, James J. (1896). “Mosby’s Rangers [electronic resource]: a record of the operations of the Forty-third Battalion Virginia Cavalry, from its organization to the surrender, from the diary of a private, supplemented and verified with official reports of federal officers and also of Mosby: with personal reminiscences, sketches of skirmishes, battles and bivouacs, dashing raids and daring adventures, scenes and incidents in the history of Mosby’s command: containing over 200 illustrations, including portraits of many of Mosby’s men and of federal officers with whom they came in contact, views, engagements, etc., maps of “Mosby’s Confederacy” and localities in which he operated: muster rolls, occupation and present whereabouts of surviving members.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 10 Sept. 2010.

Willson, Arabella Mary Stuart. (1870). “Disaster, struggle, triumph. The adventures of 1000 “boys in blue,” from August, 1862, to June, 1865.” Albany, NY: Argus Co., Printers. pp. 77-88.

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Woolson, Constance F. “Wine Islands of Lake Erie.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine. New York, NY: Harper and Bros. Volume 47, Issue: 277, June, 1873. pp. 27-37. Print.

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UNAUTHORED SOURCES:

The Civil War – Search For Soldiers. National Park Service. 20 April 1997. Web. 2 August 2012.

“List of field officers, regiments, and battalions in the Confederate States army, 1861-1865 United States.” War Department. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. Print.

List of field officers, regiments, and battalions in the Confederate States army, 1861-1865 United States.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 26 Sept. 2010.

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“Battles and Leaders. Vol. 2”. (1887). Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buel (Ed.). New York, NY: Century Co. Print.

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“From Northern Virginia.” Richmond Enquirer. September 24, 1861. West Virginia State Archives. 26 Oct. 2005 Web 19 Feb. 2012.

“FROM WESTERN VIRGINIA.; THE ENEMY REPULSED AT CHEAT MOUNTAIN PASS AND ELK WATER. ANOTHER VICTORY. ARRIVAL OF THE PRIZE SCHOONER MARY WOOD, AT PHILADELPHIA. ANNIVERSARY OF THE ADOPTION OF THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION. PENNSYLVANIA TROOPS EN ROUTE. THE BLOCKADE AT GALVESTON, ETC.” The New York Times.” September 17, 1861. New York, NY: New York Times Publishing Co. Print.

“FROM WESTERN VIRGINIA.; THE ENEMY REPULSED AT CHEAT MOUNTAIN PASS AND ELK WATER. ANOTHER VICTORY. ARRIVAL OF THE PRIZE SCHOONER MARY WOOD, AT PHILADELPHIA. ANNIVERSARY OF THE ADOPTION OF THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION. PENNSYLVANIA TROOPS EN ROUTE. THE BLOCKADE AT GALVESTON, ETC.” The New York Times.” September 17, 1861. New York Times.com 18 Feb. 2011 Web. 20 Feb. 2012.

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United States Army. (1888). “History of the Corn Exchange Regiment, 118th Pennsylvania Volunteers, from their first engagement at Antietam to Appomattox. To which is added a record of its organization and a complete roster. Fully illustrated with maps, portraits, and over one hundred illustrations.” Philadelphia, Pa., J. L. Smith. pp. 54-99. Print.

United States Army. (1888). “History of the Corn Exchange Regiment, 118th Pennsylvania Volunteers, from their first engagement at Antietam to Appomattox. To which is added a record of its organization and a complete roster. Fully illustrated with maps, portraits, and over one hundred illustrations.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 20 Oct. 2012.
Battle of Shepherdstown pp. 54-99.

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U.S. Army. (1913). “Souvenir, the Seventeenth Indiana Regiment: a history from its organization to the end of the war, giving description of battles, etc., also list of the survivors.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2012.

Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association of the Union. (1903). Historical sketch of Ann Pamela Cunningham, “The Southern matron,” founder of “The Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association.” Jamaica, Queensborough, New York, Printed for the Association at the Marion Press. Print.

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The Parts of a 19th Century Railroad Engine. 3 May 2005 Web. 12 June 2012.

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Richmond, VA.: Ayers & Wade. Print

C.S.A. Surgeon General’s Office. (1863). “Standard Supply Table of the Indigenous Remedies for Field Service and Sick in General Hospital. Articles [and] Quantities for one year, for commands of 500 men in the field, or 100 sick in general hospital.” Documenting the American South: The University of North Carolina Library. 22 Aug. 2008. Web. 1 Oct. 2011.

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thelincolnlog.org 3 February 2013 Web. 20 April 2014.

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of West Virginia December 18, 1861.” West Virginia Archives and History. 20 Aug. 2002. Web. 8 Oct. 2011.

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U.S. Army Surgeon General’s Office. (1870). “The Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion. (1861-1865) Part I. Volume I. Medical History. (1st Medical volume).” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011.

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U.S. Army Surgeon General’s Office. (1879). “The Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion. Part II, Volume I. (2nd Medical volume).” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011.

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U.S. Army Surgeon General’s Office. (1875). “The Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion. Part III, Volume I. (2nd Medical volume).” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011.

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U.S. Army Surgeon General’s Office. (1870). “The Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion. Part II, Volume II.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011.

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U.S. Army Surgeon General’s Office. (1870). “The Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion. Part III, Volume II.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011.

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U.S. Army Surgeon General’s Office. (1870). “The Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion. Part II, Volume III.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (197-). 10th census, 1880, West Virginia [microform] (Volume Reel 1404 – 1880 West Virginia Federal “Population Census Schedules – Harrison (cont’d: ED 111, sheet 31-end), Jackson, and Jefferson (part: EDs 1-4, sheet 22) Counties).” Washington, D.C.: Gov’t Printing Office. Print.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (197-). 10th census, 1880, West Virginia [microform] (Volume Reel 1404 – 1880 West Virginia Federal “Population Census Schedules – Harrison (cont’d: ED 111, sheet 31-end), Jackson, and Jefferson (part: EDs 1-4, sheet 22) Counties).” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 10 Sept. 2010.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (197-). 10th census, 1880, West Virginia [microform] (Volume Reel 1405 – 1880 West Virginia Federal “Population Census Schedules – Jefferson (cont’d: ED 4, sheet 23-end) and Kanawha (part: EDs 1-61, sheet 26) Counties).” Washington, D.C.: Gov’t Printing Office. Print.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (197-). 10th census, 1880, West Virginia [microform] (Volume Reel 1405 – 1880 West Virginia Federal “Population Census Schedules – Jefferson (cont’d: ED 4, sheet 23-end) and Kanawha (part: EDs 1-61, sheet 26) Counties).” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 10 Sept. 2010.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1965). “Population schedules of the ninth census of the United States, 1870, West Virginia [microform] (Volume Reel 1689 – 1870 West Virginia Federal Population Census Schedules – Jackson and Jefferson Counties).” Washington, D.C.: Gov’t Printing Office. Print.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1965). “Population schedules of the ninth census of the United States, 1870, West Virginia [microform] (Volume Reel 1689 – 1870 West Virginia Federal Population Census Schedules – Jackson and Jefferson Counties).” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 10 Sept. 2010.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1967). “Population schedules of the eighth census of the United States, 1860, Virginia [microform] (Volume Reel 1355 – 1860 Virginia Federal Population Census Schedules – James City and Jefferson Counties).” Jefferson, Kanawha, King George, King and Queen, and King William Counties).” Washington, D.C.: Gov’t Printing Office. Print.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1967). “Population schedules of the eighth census of the United States, 1860, Virginia (Volume Reel 1355-1860 Virginia Federal Population Census Schedules – James City and Jefferson Counties).” Jefferson, Kanawha, King George, King and Queen, and King William Counties).” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 10 Sept. 2010.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1967). “Population schedules of the eighth census of the United States, 1860, Virginia. [microform] (Volume Reel 1392 – 1860 Virginia Federal Population Census Schedules Slave – Henrico, James City, Jefferson, Kanawha, King George, King and Queen, and King William Counties).” Washington, D.C.: Gov’t Printing Office. Print.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1967). “Population schedules of the eighth census of the United States, 1860, Virginia. [microform] (Volume Reel 1392 – 1860 Virginia Federal Population Census Schedules Slave – Henrico, James City, Jefferson, Kanawha, King George, King and Queen, and King William Counties).” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 10 Sept. 2010.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1964). “Population schedules of the seventh census of the United States, 1850, Virginia.” [microform] (Volume Reel 0953 – 1850 Virginia Federal Population Census Free Schedules – Jackson, James City, and Jefferson Counties).” Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. Print.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1964). “Population schedules of the seventh census of the United States, 1850, Virginia.” [microform] (Volume Reel 0953 – 1850 Virginia Federal Population Census Free Schedules – Jackson, James City, and Jefferson Counties).” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 31 July 2008. Web. 3 March 2011.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1964). “Population schedules of the seventh census of the United States, 1850, Virginia. [microform] (Volume Reel 0988 – 1850 Virginia Federal Population Census Slave Schedules – Hampshire, Hancock, Hanover, Hardy, Harrison, Henrico, Henry, Highland, Isle of Wight, Jackson, James City, and Jefferson Counties).” Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. Print.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1964). “Population schedules of the seventh census of the United States, 1850, Virginia. [microform] (Volume Reel 0988 – 1850 Virginia Federal Population Census Slave Schedules – Hampshire, Hancock, Hanover, Hardy, Harrison, Henrico, Henry, Highland, Isle of Wight, Jackson, James City, and Jefferson Counties).” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 31 July 2008. Web. 3 March 2011.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1967). “Population schedules of the sixth census of the United States, 1840, Virginia [microform] (Volume Reel 0563 – 1840 Virginia Federal Population Census Schedules – Hampshire, Jackson, and Jefferson Counties).”United States. Bureau of the Census. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. Print.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1967). “Population schedules of the sixth census of the United States, 1840, Virginia [microform] (Volume Reel 0563 – 1840 Virginia Federal Population Census Schedules – Hampshire, Jackson, and Jefferson Counties).” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 10 Sept. 2010.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1969). “Population schedules of the fifth census of the United States, 1830, Virginia [microform] (Volume Reel 0191 – 1830 Virginia Federal Population Census Schedules – Hampshire, Hardy, Jefferson, Kanawha, Lewis, Logan, Lee, and Monongalia Counties).” Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. Print.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1969). “Population schedules of the fifth census of the United States, 1830, Virginia [microform] (Volume Reel 0191 – 1830 Virginia Federal Population Census Schedules – Hampshire, Hardy, Jefferson, Kanawha, Lewis, Logan, Lee, and Monongalia Counties).” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 10 Sept. 2010.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1959). “Population schedules of the fourth census of the United States, 1820, Virginia [microform] (Volume Reel 0134 – 1820 Virginia Federal Population Census Schedules – Brunswick, Fluvanna, Jefferson, King George, and Princess Anne Counties).” Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. Print.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1959). “Population schedules of the fourth census of the United States, 1820, Virginia [microform] (Volume Reel 0134 – 1820 Virginia Federal Population Census Schedules – Brunswick, Fluvanna, Jefferson, King George, and Princess Anne Counties).” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 31 July 2008. Web. 3 March 2011.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1961). “Population schedules of the third census of the United States, 1810, Virginia. [microform] (Volume Reel 0069 – 1810 Virginia Federal Population Census Schedules – Hampshire, Hanover, Harrison, Henrico (excluding the city of Richmond), Isle of Wight, Jefferson, Kanawha, King and Queen, King George, Lancaster, Lee (recapitulation only), Loudoun, Lunenburg, Madison, Mason, Mathews, Middlesex, and Monongalia Counties).” Washington, D.C.: Gov/t Printing Office. Print.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1961). “Population schedules of the third census of the United States, 1810, Virginia. (Volume Reel 0069 – 1810 Virginia Federal Population Census Schedules – Hampshire, Hanover, Harrison, Henrico (excluding the city of Richmond), Isle of Wight, Jefferson, Kanawha, King and Queen, King George, Lancaster, Lee (recapitulation only), Loudoun, Lunenburg, Madison, Mason, Mathews, Middlesex, and Monongalia Counties).”Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 31 July 2008. Web. 3 March 2011.

United States. The Library of Congress Geography and Map Division. (186-). “ Map of Loudoun County, Va., and parts of Fairfax County, Va., Jefferson County, W.Va., and Washington and Frederick counties, Md.“. United States. The Library of Congress: American Memory. “Maps Collection.” 27 Oct. 2009 Web 10 Sept. 2010.

United States. The Library of Congress Geography and Map Division. (1864). “Map of Loudoun County and part of Clarke County, Va., Jefferson County and part of Berkeley County, W. Va., and parts of Montgomery and Frederick counties, Md.” (“Copied by J. Paul Hoffmann, Top’l Office, A.N.Va.” – “Approved S. Howell Brown. 1st Lt. Engs. Troops in chg. Top’l. Dep’t. A.N.Va. March 23rd 1864.”). [Hotchkiss map collection; no. 43]

United States. The Library of Congress Geography and Map Division. (1864). “Map of Loudoun County and part of Clarke County, Va., Jefferson County and part of Berkeley County, W. Va., and parts of Montgomery and Frederick counties, Md.” United States. The Library of Congress: American Memory. “Maps Collection.” 27 Oct. 2009 Web 10 Sept. 2010.

U.S. Dept. of the Treasury. (1863). “Commercial intercourse with and in states declared in insurrection : and the collection of abandoned and captured property.” Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. Print.

U.S. Dept. of the Treasury. (1863). “Commercial intercourse with and in states declared in insurrection : and the collection of abandoned and captured property.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 May 2011.

“Trial of John Y. Beall: as a spy and guerrillero, by Military Commission.” (1865). United States. Army. Military Commission; Joseph Meredith Toner Collection (Library of Congress). New York, NY: D. Appleton and Co.
Print.

Military Commission. (1865). “Trial of John Y. Beall: as a spy and guerrillero, by Military Commission.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 12 Jan. 2012.

United States, War Dept. Library. (1913). “Bibliography of State Participation in the Civil War 1861-1865.” Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. Print.

United States, War Dept. Library. (1913). “Bibliography of State Participation in the Civil War 1861-1865.” Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March, 2011.

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“Southern Planter.” (1841). Richmond, Va.: P.D. Bernard. Print.

Southern Planter.” (1841). Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2012.

“Southern Planter.” (1848). Richmond, Va.: P.D. Bernard. Print.

Southern Planter.” (1848). Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2012.

“Southern Planter.” (1852). Richmond, Va.: P.D. Bernard. Print.

Southern Planter.” (1852). Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2012.

“Southern Planter.” (1859). Richmond, Va.: P.D. Bernard. Print.

Southern Planter.” (1859). Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2012.

“Southern Planter.” (1860). Richmond, Va.: P.D. Bernard. Print.

Southern Planter.” (1860). Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2012.

“Southern Planter.” (1861). Richmond, Va.: P.D. Bernard. Print.

Southern Planter.” (1861). Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2012.

“Virginia Lands.” American agriculturist. Vol. 2. Springfield, Mass. [etc.] Orange Judd Company, Publishers. (September, 1843). p. 176. Print.

“Virginia Lands.” (September, 1843). American agriculturist. Vol. 2. Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2012.

“Virginia Lands.” American agriculturist. Vol. 3. Springfield, Mass. [etc.] Orange Judd Company, Publishers. (Jan., 1844). pp. 8-9. Print.

“Virginia Lands.” (Jan., 1844). American agriculturist. Vol. 3. Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2012.

“The War of the Rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies.” (1902). NOTE on authors: Robert N. Scott compiled and edited v. 1-18, 1880-87, and also collected the greater part of the material for v. 19-36, 1887-91. After his death in 1887 the work was continued by Henry M. Lazelle, 1887-89, and by a board of publication, 1889-99, consisting of George B. Davis, 1889-97, Leslie J. Perry, 1889-99, Joseph W. Kirkley, 1889-99, and Fred C. Ainsworth, 1898-99; from 1899-1901 edited by Fred C. Ainsworth and Joesph W. Kirkley. Gettysburg, Pa: Gettysburg National Historical Society. Print.

https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000625514?type%5B%5D=all&lookfor%5B%5D=Official%20Record%20of%20the%20War%20of%20the%20Rebellion&ft=ft

Series I, Volume II – Chapter IX:
Official records of the Union and Confederate armies
Operations in Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia. Apr 16-Jul 31, 1861.
p. 1

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.31210004852420&view=1up&seq=13

Series 1 – Volume V – Chapter XIV:
Official records of the Union and Confederate armies
Operations in Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia. August 1, 1861-March 17, 1862 pp. 1-1106

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hwajt3&view=1up&seq=10&skin=2021

Series I – Volume VII – Chapter XVII:
Official records of the Union and Confederate armies
Operations in Kentucky, Tennessee, N. Alabama, and W. Virginia. Nov. 19, 1861-Mar 4, 1862.
pp. 1-946.

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.c006779269&view=1up&seq=19&skin=2021

Series I – Volume XII – Chapter XXIV in Three Parts:
Official records of the Union and Confederate armies

Series I – Volume XII – Chapter XXIV in Three Parts:
Official records of the Union and Confederate armies Part I – Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland. Mar 17-Sep 2, 1862: Reports, Mar 17-Jun 25, 1862
pp. 1-818.

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hwajv5&view=1up&seq=8&skin=2021

Series I – Volume XII – Chapter XXIV in Three Parts:
Official records of the Union and Confederate armies Part II – Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland. Mar 17-Sep 2, 1862: Reports, Mar 17-Jun 25, 1862
pp. 1-914.

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.a0013564646&view=1up&seq=9&skin=2021

Series I – Volume XII – Chapter XXIV in Three Parts:
Official records of the Union and Confederate armies Part III – Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland. Mar 17-Sep 2, 1862: Correspondence, pp. 3-1035.

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.a0013564646&view=1up&seq=9&skin=2021

Series I Vol. 19 Part 1
Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. Sep 3-Nov 14, 1862. Reports, September 3-20

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924079609610&view=1up&seq=3&skin=2021

Series I Vol. 19 Part 2 Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. Sep 3-Nov 14, 1862. Reports, September 20-November 14; Correspondence, etc.

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo1.ark:/13960/t5h99qb6d&view=1up&seq=7&skin=2021

Series I Vol. XXI (21)
Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. November 15, 1862 – January 25, 1863.

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924077723017&view=1up&seq=3&skin=2021

Series I – Volume XXV (25) – Chapter XXXVII in Two Parts:
Official records of the Union and Confederate armies

Series I Vol. 25 Part 1
Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. January 26-June 3, 1863. Report

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo1.ark:/13960/t53f5bm53&view=1up&seq=7&skin=2021

Series I Vol. 25 Part 2
Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. January 26-June 3, 1863. Correspondence, etc.

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hwanmv&view=1up&seq=5&skin=2021

Series I – Volume XXVII (27) – Chapter XXXIX in Three Parts:
Official records of the Union and Confederate armies

Series I Vol. 27 Part 1
Operations in North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Department of the East. June 3-August 3, 1863. Reports

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo1.ark:/13960/t21c2k73t&view=1up&seq=7&skin=2021

Series I Vol. 27 Part 2
Operations in North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Department of the East. June 3-August 3, 1863. Reports

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo1.ark:/13960/t9q24h59s&view=1up&seq=9&skin=2021

Series I Vol. 27 Part 3
Operations in North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Department of the East. June 3-August 3, 1863. Correspondence, etc

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo1.ark:/13960/t9d517475&view=1up&seq=7&skin=2021

Series I – Volume XXIX (29) – Chapter XLI in Two Parts:
Official records of the Union and Confederate armies

Series I Vol. 29 Part 1
Operations in North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. August 4-December 31, 1863. Reports

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924077699886&view=1up&seq=3&skin=2021

Series I Vol. 29 Part 2
Operations in North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. August 4-December 31, 1863. Correspondence, etc.
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924077728263&view=1up&seq=3&skin=2021

Series I – Volume XXXIII (33) – Chapter XLV:
Official records of the Union and Confederate armies

Series I Vol. 33 Chapter XLV
Operations in North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania
January 1-April 30, 1864

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924077699811&view=1up&seq=7&skin=2021

Series I Chapter XLIX (37) in Two Parts
Operations in North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania
January 1-April 30, 1864

Series I Vol. 37 Part 1
Operations in Northern West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. May 1-August 3, 1864. Reports, Union and Confederate Correspondence, etc

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.49015002000751&view=1up&seq=7&skin=2021

Series I Vol. 37 Part 2
Operations in Northern West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. May 1-August 3, 1864. Union and Confederate Correspondence, etc.

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.49015002000769&view=1up&seq=29&skin=2021

Series I – Volume XLIII (43) – Chapter LV in Two Parts:
Official records of the Union and Confederate armies

Series I Vol. 43 Part 1
Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. August 4-December 31, 1864. Reports, Union and Confederate Correspondence, etc.

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.49015002000959&view=1up&seq=7&skin=2021

Series I Vol. 43 Part 2
Operations in Northern Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. August 4-December 31, 1864. Union and Confederate Correspondence, etc

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.49015002000967&view=1up&seq=7&skin=2021

Series I – Vol. XLVI (46) – Chapter LVIII in Three Parts:
Official records of the Union and Confederate armies

Series I Vol. 46 Part 1 – Operations in Northern and Southeastern Virginia, North Carolina (January 1-31), West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania, January 1-June 30, 1865 Reports

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.49015002001007&view=1up&seq=13&skin=2021

Series I Vol. 46 Part 2 – Operations in Northern and Southeastern Virginia, North Carolina (January 1-31), West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. January 1-June 30, 1865. Union and Confederate Correspondence

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.49015002001015&view=1up&seq=7&skin=2021

Series I Vol. 46 Part 3 – Operations in Northern and Southeastern Virginia, North Carolina (January 1-31), West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. January 1-June 30, 1865. Union and Confederate Correspondence

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.49015002001023&view=1up&seq=13&skin=2021

Series I – Volume LI (51) – Chapter LXIII in Two Parts: SUPPLEMENT
Official records of the Union and Confederate armies
SUPPLEMENT Embracing Documents Found or Received Too Late for Insertion in Volumes 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 11, 12, 18, 19, 21, 25, 27, 29, 33, 36, 37, 40, 42, 43, and 46. [Note: The number in brackets at the lower left hand of each document indicates the volume to which it properly belongs.]

Series I Vol. 51 Part 1 – Operations in Maryland, Eastern North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia (except Southwestern), and West Virginia. January 1, 1861-June 30, 1865. Reports, Union Correspondence, etc.

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.49015002001122&view=1up&seq=7&skin=2021

Series I Vol. 51 Part 2 – Operations in Maryland, Eastern North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia (except Southwestern), and West Virginia. January 1, 1861-June 30, 1865. Reports, Union Correspondence, etc.

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.49015002001130&view=1up&seq=1&skin=2021

“Atlas to accompany the official records of the Union and Confederate armies: House miscellaneous documents. Vol. 40. pt 1 (plates 1-84).” – “The War of the Rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies.” (1902). NOTE on authors: Robert N. Scott compiled and edited v. 1-18, 1880-87, and also collected the greater part of the material for v. 19-36, 1887-91. After his death in 1887 the work was continued by Henry M. Lazelle, 1887-89, and by a board of publication, 1889-99, consisting of George B. Davis, 1889-97, Leslie J. Perry, 1889-99, Joseph W. Kirkley, 1889-99, and Fred C. Ainsworth, 1898-99; from 1899-1901 edited by Fred C. Ainsworth and Joesph W. Kirkley. Gettysburg, Pa: Gettysburg National Historical Society. Print.

Atlas to accompany the official records of the Union and Confederate armies: House miscellaneous documents. Vol. 40. pt 1 (plates 1-84).” baylor.edu. 9 May 1997 Web. 28 October 2012.

The Virginia Free Press, March 11, 1869. quoting “The New York Weekly” article “Scenes at the Gallows.”

Women in the Civil War.” 21 Nov. 2009 Web. 2 Oct. 2011.

Voting Results on the Virginia Ordinance of Secession” – A State of Convenience The Creation of West Virginia. wvculture.org (West Virginia Archives & History). 2 March 2000 Web. 1 Oct. 2011.

Chapter Three Richmond Convention February 13-April 17, 1861” – A State of Convenience The Creation of West Virginia. wvculture.org (West Virginia Archives & History). 2 March 2000 Web. 1 Oct. 2011.

Virginia Ordinance of Secession April 17, 1861” – A State of Convenience The Creation of West Virginia. wvculture.org (West Virginia Archives & History). 2 March 2000 Web. 1 Oct. 2011.

Proceedings of the Second Session of the Second Wheeling Convention” wvculture.org (West Virginia Archives & History). 6 June 2002 Web. 12 Nov. 2011

Votes on Secession. Virginia Memory. Library of Virginia. 21 March 2009 Web. 9 Nov. 2011.

“Journal of the House of Delegates of the State of Virginia, for the Extra Session.” (1861). Virginia General Assembly House of Delegates. p. 321, i-lv p. Richmond, VA: William F. Ritchie, Printer.

Journal of the House of Delegates of the State of Virginia, for the Extra Session.” (1861). Virginia General Assembly House of Delegates. p. 321, i-lv. doc.south.unc.edu University of North Carolina Library. 19 January 2001 Web 14 Nov. 2011.

Ordinance of Secession, adopted April 17, 1861, ratified May 23, 1861, Virginia Convention. (1861: Richmond), Records, 1861-1961. Acc. 40586. State Government Records. Record Group 93, Library of Virginia.

Virginia Secession Ordinance Image of the original “Union or Secession.” Virginia Memory. Library of Virginia. 21 March 2009 Web. 9 Nov. 2011.

Map of Virginia, Maryland &c., seat of war, compiled from the latest maps, 1861 sold by George L. Bidgood, Richmond, Va. and Tucker & Perkins, Augusta, Ga. Hoyer & Ludwig, lithographic establisht., Richmond, Va.

“American caricatures pertaining to the Civil War.”(1918). New York, NY: Brentano’s. Print. “American caricatures pertaining to the Civil War.”(1918). Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2010.

“The Baltimore Sun” – March 2, 1862; March 4, 1862; September 19, 1862; September 20, 1862; September 30, 1862.

“The New York Times” – June 1, 1862; June 3, 1862; June 8, 1862; August 28, 1862; September 1, 1862; September 18, 1862; October 3,1862; October 6, 1862.

Search All “Virginia Cavalcade.” Virginia.gov 3 June 2003 Web. 4 December 2012.

Search Across 9 History Magazine Indexes.: Andrew Ferguson’s Portfolio.” 5 June 2010 Web. 10 Jan. 2012.