by Jim Surkamp on December 26, 2017 in Jefferson County

REFERENCES:

1. Aler, Vernon F. (1888).”Aler’s history of Martinsburg and Berkeley County, West Virginia.” Hagerstown, MD: The Mail Publishing Company. Internet Archives . 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011. p. 144.

2. Julia Allen – letter to a relative February 11, 1862 from Winchester regarding the poor health of her husband James Allen – previously at the website of the Virginia Military Institute archives and is in possession of the family.

3. Cartmell, Thomas K. (1909) “Shenandoah Valley Pioneers and their Descendants: A History of Frederick County, VA.” Winchester, VA.: Eddy Press Corp. Internet Archives. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011. p. 298.

4. Casler, John O. (1906). “Four years in the Stonewall Brigade, containing the daily experiences of four year’s service in the ranks from a diary kept at the time.” Marietta, GA: Continental Book Company. Internet Archives . 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011. pp. 62-64.

5. Chase, Julia; Laura Lee. (2002). “Winchester Divided: The Civil War Diaries of Julia Chase and Laura Lee.” edited by Michael G. Mahon. Mechanicsburg, PA; Stackpole Books. Print. p.16

6. Clark, Charles M. (1889). “The history of the Thirty-Ninth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Veteran Infantry, (Yates phalanx.) in the war of the rebellion. 1861-1865.” Chicago, Ill.: The Veteran Association of the Regiment. Internet Archives. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011. p. 60.

7. Douglas, Henry Kyd. (1940, 1968). “I Rode With Stonewall.” Charlotte, NC: University of North Carolina Press. Google Books. 19 July 2008. Web. 24 Dec. 2010.
books.google.com 24 November 2005 Web. 20 December 2017.
pp. 19-34 – November, 1861-January, 1862.

8. January, 1862 – A Chilling Account of “Stonewall” Soldier-hood – Henry Kyd Douglas writes Tippie Boteler.

Letter from Henry Kyd Douglas to Tippie Boteler, Winchester, January 12, 1862.
My Dear Miss Tippie – I’ve been to the Springs since I read your delightful last (letter). It may appear to common people as a very peculiar taste but it is a matter of taste alone, and as I never enjoyed the pleasure of visiting this or that locality in the summer and in time of peace, I did have an opportunity of going to Bath (Berkeley Springs) in winter, when everything was gilded with snow. You perceive therefore that the “one great wish so new to all hearts” that our Brigade might not be sent to Romney, was gratified in a very Delphic and to us unsatisfactory manner. But we all stand on a level (I mean all of Jackson’s and Loring’s commands) now. Before this trip it was a common thing for the members of Genl. Loring’s command to remark that it was very true though Stone-Wall had seen some hard marching and a goodly share of sharp fighting, but they had never endured the hardships of the mountain bivouac, or been exposed to the blasts of western Virginia and its deep snow. They recounted their severe trials, their hair-breadth scrapes, in wonderful eloquence, until that credulous portion of Christendom – the female sex – listened with admiration and awe and began to the chagrin of us Jacksonites to love them for the dangers they had seen. But we’ve got even now. They have been compelled to admit that they have endured within the past two weeks what they never endured before. With sufficient degree of zeal, we will hereafter be able to hold our share of the sympathies of those who hear of this the hardest march since those of Napoleon. But it has had a terrible effect upon the troops, as the overflowing hospitals of Winchester attest. About eight hundred soldiers have been rendered unfit for duty by sickness and four-horse wagons are continually arriving filled with living evidences of the hardships we have seen, while scores of sick soldiers that cannot be accommodated are being daily sent off to Staunton and other hospitals. I think the sentimentalists who imagine that there is no way to die in war but in battle, would be shocked at the sight of those who are expiring without a wound, and would feel disposed to modify that Plato quotation,”Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori” (Not by Plato, but from the Roman lyrical poet Horace’s Odes III.2.13 – JS). The line can be roughly translated into English as: “It is sweet and fitting to die for your country.) – (1).

But to begin at the beginning and be as brief as possible – for I’ve nothing else to write about and may as well fill my letter with a short account of our trip to the Springs (a la correspondent for news-paper) however uninteresting it may prove.

About 4 o’clock on New Year’s morning we were awakened by an untimely reveille and long roll. Every soldier knew before he left his bed (excuse my civilized style of saying “bed”) that a march was before him in celebration of the advent of 1862. No one knew whither, but a majority dolefully thought of Romney. About day-light we were on the way, puzzling as to our course. The day was pleasant, although rather warm for marching. It was soon evident that the whole army (militia included) was along and an active expedition was expected. About dark we bivouacked (which means we encamped within tents).

Our brigade was placed upon a high hill covered with pine-trees, resembling the spur of a mountain. Very soon the winds commenced blowing in real winter blasts and increasing in fierceness kept it up all night. Our baggage, being in the rear of the whole wagon train which was about 5 miles long, did not reach us at all that night and consequently we were left exposed to the “cold chilly winds” without a blanket and many without their overcoats. Pine fires were built, but the smoke and sparks were dashed in all directions so furiously that it was almost impossible to stand near enough to the fires to keep moderately comfortable (by moderately I mean one side – for while it would be warm the other side would be freezing).

Many threw themselves down on the ground, determined to try and sleep amid the smoke and sparks. The consequence was that very few of them escaped without burned clothes. I know I did not. I laid down by the fire and, covering my head with the cape of my overcoat, tried to sleep. I had just succeeded in getting into a nap when I was awaked by a severe shake and on looking up found several soldiers engaged in putting out the fire which had caught my overcoat in several places. Satisfied that sleep under the circumstances was impossible I stood by the fire for the rest of the night – and was duly thankful in the morning that I was still alive.

At the sounds of the drum the march was resumed and continued until about 3 p.m. when we bivouacked

3rd

until next morning and commenced the march again. This was a cold disagreeable day but we kept up the march until after 10 at night.

In the meantime we had white-spotted evidence that it was going to snow and to add to the disagreeability of the march, some poor fellows fell in the many runs we crossed after dark, and the ice on their clothes soon reminded one of sleighing times only this situation was not quite as comfortable as it might have been in ordinary times.

That night we had more than our quantity of bed-clothing for, in putting my head out from under the blankets, whither it had been driven by sleet and snow, I found in the morning about two inches of the old goo(s)man’s geese feathers on top of my bed. I had observed frequently during the night that the snow (which is much more insinuating and curious than rain) had penetrated through the small crevices between the blankets and brought itself in very disagreeable contact with my head and face.

But I am getting admirably prolix.

The next day we entered Bath and our brigade quartered there for the night. Our camp staid in a beautiful cottage built by Mr. McGilmer of Bath for a summer residence and slept on the spring lawn. It was beautifully furnished, French bedsteads, etc. oil-cloth and matting on the floor; innumerable beautiful engravings and some very handsome paintings around the walls – entirely too handsome for soldiers’ barracks. I should have preferred a good stable loft. But I’m glad to say nothing was injured and we left it very early next morning. But we had at least spent one night in Bath and that in the winter.

Did you ever read “The Daltons”? If so do you remember the description of Baden, the celebrated German watering place in winter. The resemblance to Bath is clear. To those who live at such a place all the time, the contrast between summer and winter must make either one or the other, according to the fancy, all most unendurable.

Just imaginatively repeople Bath with its summer visitors, gauze drapes, bare arms, low necks, light slippers, bare-heads – walking through the snow, stepping on ice, and watching the white rocks and leafless trees on the barren hill that rises up among the winds and seems to protect Bath. Wouldn’t it be a suggestive but strange sight? But we left Bath and went on to the river about four miles. The yankees had fled precipitately from Bath and owing to the cowardice and inefficiency of the contemptible militia, had escaped us, except about 24 prisoners.

However, we got several yankee storage-houses with army stores to the value of 30 or 40,000 dollars, burned Capon Bridge and tore up a part of the B&O R. Road. Our camps fared very well in yankee plunder, some getting jackets, some hats, shoes etc. and some entering into speculations by selling what they had captured or stolen. But the suffering of the soldiers during these few days and until the army arrived where it now is, was greater, much greater than I had described, between rain, snow, ice and cold. It was the Valley Forge of the Revolution, even to the frozen and bleeding feet. I cannot bore you by a description and even if given it would seem almost incredible.

One little episode was decidedly interesting to the soldiers. Amid the snow and ice, several messes in our camp regaled themselves with corn and tomatoes, canned, taken from the yankees and as delightful and fresh as I have ever seen them in winter.

The last march the army took to where it now is – was a dreadful one. The road was almost an uninterruptible sheet of ice, rendering it almost impossible for man or beast to travel, while by moonlight, the beards of the men, (not mine), matted with ice and glistening like crystals, presented a very peculiar yet ludicrous appearance. I have not been able to find a man in the 2nd Reg. who did not fall down at least twice. I laid down (rapidly and with emphasis) three times. 3 men in our brigade broke their arms falling, and several rendered their guns useless. Several horses were killed and many wagons were compelled to go into night quarters along the road, being unable to get along at all. Nearly all the march of 18 miles was made after dark. But I’ll describe (it) no further and but leave the brigade and regiment where it is – about 23 miles from here at Unger’s store.

How long they will remain there and what they will do next I know not, although I should not be surprised to see them here before long. Col. Ch. Jas. Faulkner has gone to Richmond for orders. You know he is one of Genl. Jackson’s aide de camp.

Probably you have asked what I am doing in Winchester with my company so far away. I arrived here last night. A general court martial convened by Genl. Johnston meets here to-morrow, of which I am Judge-Advocate, viz. prosecutor for the court, or in other words it is my duty to prepare and try all the cases brought before it. I have 15 to begin with and will be kept here at least 2 weeks, probably a month. I was ordered here (by) Genl. Jackson last night and came with Ned Lee who is a member of the court. Were it not for the court I would now be in Shepherdstown, as I could have received a furlough several days ago, but was detained and sent here for duty. I am certainly not sorry to get away from camp, although the duties of a Judge-Advocate are many and his responsibility great. I will send this letter to you at Shepherdstown although it is probably from what you said in your last that you are in Lynchburg. Hoping to hear from you very soon, with a letter that will rival mine in length, with many good messages to you, Ma and family, I am Yours in inexpressible friendship, Henry Kyd Douglas.

Henry Kyd Douglas Papers – Duke University

“Thy Will” (10) – Henry Kyd Douglas Writes Tippie of His Exploits. civilwarscholars.com 9 June 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

9. Forbush, Bradley ed. 13th Mass.org. 29 May 2002 Web. 23 December 2017.

Detachment of Companies A, B, E, & H, to Hancock, Nov. 26 – Jan. 2, 1862:

Movement of 13th Massachusetts Infantry during the first half of January, 1862:

Winter Camp at Williamsport, Md., January 1st – March 1st
Companies A, B, E & H are detached at Hancock, Md. Until January 2nd.

Jan. 1st – Williamsport; Co. K has its first dress parade. New Years day celebrations for some of those detached at Hancock.

Jan. 2nd – Co. K has its first drill since Fort Independence. Companies A, B, E & H take canal boats from Hancock to Williamsport arriving 9 p.m. They stay in town arriving at camp the next morning.

Jan. 4th – General Stonewall Jackson attacks Hancock; (as a rear guard action to his Romney campaign). Confederates drive the 39th Illinois out of Bath, Va. to Hancock. No ’13th Mass’ troops are at Hancock at this time, but a detachment is ordered there in support.

Sunday, Jan. 5th – Jackson shells Hancock. Companies C, D, I & K are ordered to march there from Williamsport, under command of Lt. Col. N. Walter Batchelder. They leave in a blizzard that night arriving 2 a.m. the next morning and report to General Frederick Lander.

Jan. 6th – Jackson decides to abandon plans to take Hancock and focuses on Romney to the southwest.

Jan. 10th – Companies C, D, I & K return to Williamsport from Hancock, Md. staying over night at Clear Spring. It is a muddy march.

Jan. 9th – 10th – Jackson takes Romney, W.Va.

Jan. 16th – Second-Lieutenant Elliot C. Pierce is promoted to First-Lieutenant, jumping the line of ten Second- Lieutenants. He is Col. Leonard’s friend and favoritism is suspected by the officers outside the Colonel’s circle. Pierce will serve 3 years and receive a Major’s commission with the regt. before muster out. He proves a capable officer.

Jan. 17th – 22nd rainy and stormy weather in camp.

10. Frye, Dennis. (1984). “2nd Virginia Infantry.” Lynchburg, VA: H.E. Howard Publishers.

11. Frye, Dennis. (1988). “12th Virginia Cavalry.” Lynchburg, VA: H.E. Howard Publishers.

12. Gold, Thomas D. (1914). “History of Clarke County, Virginia.” Berryville, VA: C. R. Hughes Publishers. Internet Archives. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 28 Dec. 2010. pp.131-132.

13. Jackson, Mary Anna. (1895). “Memoirs of Stonewall Jackson.” Louisville, KY: Prentice Press, Courier-Journal Job Print. Co. Internet Archives . 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 26 Sept. 2010. pp. 223-235.

14. Lamb, Charles. (1888). “A Dissertation on Roast Pig.” Illustrator: L. J. Bridgman. Boston, MA: D. Lothrop Company. Release Date: August 26, 2013 [EBook #43566] gutenberg.org 4 April 1997 Web. 20 December 2017.

15. Lee, Mrs. Hugh Holmes: Civil War Journal – Manuscript and typed Copy are in he Files of the Winchester-Frederick County Historical Society. p. 95.

p. 771 – Mrs. Lee writes in 1864 many parties were being held at Long Meadows, the Robert Glass home, attended by Misses Ginn, Meredith and Griffith, all Union sympathizers, the invitations to loyal Confederate young ladies having been refused. (quoted in Quarles, p. 95).

16. Lever, Charles J. (1852). “The Daltons. Three Roads in Life.” London, UK: Chapman and Hall. Internet Archives. archive.org 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 26 Sept. 2010.

“A day’s ride – Chapter 1 Baden Out of Season.” p. 2.

17. Macon, Emma Cassandra Riely. (1911). “Reminiscences of the Civil War.” [Cedar Rapids, Ia.] Priv. Print. [The Torch Press]. Internet Archives: 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 26 Sept. 2010. pp. 11-12.

18. Moore, Cleon. (1988). “The Civil War Recollections of Cleon Moore.” Louis Santucci, (Ed.). Magazine of the Jefferson County Historical Society Vol. LIV. pp. 89-109. Print.

19. Neese, George M. (1911). “Three years in the Confederate horse artillery.” New York, NY; Washington, D.C.: The Neale Publishing Company. Internet Archives. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 16 Feb. 2011. pp. 8-23. – December 17, 1861-February 23, 1862

20. Paxton, Elisha Franklin. (1905). “Memoir and Memorials: Elisha Franklin Paxton, Brigadier-General, C.S.A.; Composed of his Letters from Camp and Field While an Officer in the Confederate Army, with an Introductory and Connecting Narrative Collected and Arranged by his Son, John Gallatin Paxton.” Washington, D.C., New York, NY: The Neale Publishing Company. docsouth.unc.edu 19 January 2001 Web 20 December 2017.

Page 42 – CHAPTER III

Morgan Co., January 8, 1862.

An opportunity of sending to Winchester enables me to write that I am here in the woods, all hands froze up and waiting for the weather to move. I take it for granted the General will come to the conclusion from this experiment that a winter campaign won’t pay, and will put us into winter quarters. I am quite well and have not suffered much.

Unger’s Store, January 12, 1862.

I was much disappointed in not getting a furlough a few days ago. I could not help but think that as the condition of the weather and the roads had made the expedition from which we had just returned a failure, it was full time to stop active operations, and in that event I was entitled to a leave of absence, if they were to be granted to any. I applied and was informed that two field officers must be left with the regiment, and that as a leave had been given to Col. Echols, none could be given to me until he returned. Hardly two days elapsed, however, until I received an order detaching me from my regiment and assigning me to the duties of a provost-marshal of the post, thus leaving but one field officer to my regiment. I have handed in my resignation, and whether that will be accepted or not I do not know. Jackson entered his disapproval of its acceptance, which will probably induce the Secretary of War and the Governor to do the same. The disapproval, it is true, implies the compliment that my services are valued, and that those in authority do not (43) wish to dispense with them; but I do not feel satisfied, and the whole affair gives me much unhappiness. I shall endeavor to take such course as will not forfeit the good opinion which I have enjoyed from those with whom I have served, and at the same time try to be content with whatever may happen. I wish you to act upon the same principle. Some of us have as hard a road to travel as yourself. I should like to be at home, and know that you fondly desire my return. If I can’t get home, we must both be satisfied. I wish you to make up your mind to remain there, and take care of what we have as well as you can. You have, I doubt not, been as happy there for the last four or five months as you could have been elsewhere. With the work on the farm, your housekeeping, and the children, you will have too much to do to be lonesome. Plenty of work is a good antidote for loneliness; a very good means of drowning your sorrows. By this course you will be of infinite service to me, and will add much to your own comfort and happiness.

If there is an honorable road to get home, I shall spare no effort to find it as speedily as possible. In the meantime, Love, devote yourself to the babies and the farm, and not to grieving about me or my troubles. I will give them my undivided attention and get through with them as soon as I can. I don’t wish to share so great a luxury with you. Now, Love, good-bye. Kiss our dear little baby and tell Matthew and Galla papa says they must be good boys. Remember me kindly to Jack, Jane and Phebe (slaves). I am very grateful to them for their fidelity. Tell Jane to get married whenever she wishes, and not to trouble herself about the threats of her last husband. pp 42-43.

PAXTON CONTINUED:

Unger’s Store, January 12, 1862.
GOV. JOHN LETCHER, Richmond, Va.

Dear Sir: My resignation, forwarded through the regular channel, will reach you in a few days. When it comes to hand you will treat it as withdrawn. I feel much aggrieved by my inability to get a furlough, and by an unjust discrimination made against me in withholding it, whilst granted to others. I have come to the conclusion that it is my duty as a citizen and a soldier to bear the grievance in patience, in the hope that hereafter I may be able to get such furlough as will save me the necessity of quitting the service.

Romney, January 19, 1862.

We left Unger’s Monday morning and reached here on Wednesday, after three days’ hard march on roads as bad as rain, sleet and snow could make them. For some time since we reached here it has been raining, and the whole (46) country is flooded with water. Since we left Winchester three weeks ago, we have indeed been making war upon the elements, and our men have stood an amount of hardship and exposure which I would not have thought was possible had I not witnessed it. In passing through it all, I have suffered but little, and my health is now as good as it ever was. Whilst this is true of myself, our ranks had been made thinner by disease since we left Winchester. Two battles would not have done us as much injury as hard weather and exposure have effected. After writing to you last Sunday, I concluded to write to the Governor to consider my resignation as withdrawn and I would trust to the chance of getting a furlough to go home. I am promised it as soon as Echols returns, and his furlough is out sixteen days from this time. I hope Jackson will have concluded by that time that a winter campaign is fruitful of disaster only, as it has been, and will put us at rest until spring. Then I may expect to see you.

Now, darling, just here the mail has come to hand, bringing your letter of the 15th inst. and the gratifying news that all are well at home. You say the sleet and snow were falling whilst you wrote, and you felt some anxiety lest I might be exposed to it. You were just about right. I left that morning at daybreak and marched in sleet and snow some fifteen miles to this place. When I got here the cape of my overcoat was a sheet of ice. If you have hard times, you may console yourself by knowing that I have hard times, too. I am amused with your fears of an inroad of the Yankees into Rockbridge Their nearest force is about eighty miles from you, and if the roads in that section have not improved very much, they will have a hard road to travel. You all are easily scared. By the time you had been near the Yankees as long as I have, you would not be so easily frightened.

You must come to the conclusion which has forced itself upon me some time since. Bear the present in patience, and hope for the best. If it turns out bad console ourselves (47) with the reflection that it is no worse. We can see nothing of the future, and it is well for us we don’t. I have but little idea to-day where I will sleep to-night, or what shall be doing to-morrow. Our business is all uncertainties. I have been in great danger only once since I have been in the service, yet I suppose I have thought a hundred times that we were on the eve of a battle which might terminate my life. Now, after all, Love, I think it best to trouble myself little with fears of danger, and to find happiness in the hope that you and I and our dear children will one day live together again happily and in peace. It may be, dearest, this hope will never be realized, yet I will cherish it as my greatest source of happiness, to be abandoned only when my flowing blood and failing breath shall teach me that I have seen the last of earth. All may yet be well with us.

Winchester, January 26, 1862.

We left Romney on Thursday, and after three days we reached, on yesterday evening, our present encampment, two miles from Winchester. To-day I received your grumbling letter of 21st, in which you were bitter over my bad usage in being refused a furlough. The only matter of surprise with me is that I ever lost my temper about it, as I came to the conclusion long ago that there was no use in grumbling about anything in the army, and it was always best to bear in patience whatever happens us, with a becoming sense of gratitude that it is no worse. I think we shall remain at rest here until spring, no one being more thoroughly disgusted with a winter campaign than Jackson himself from the fruits of our expedition to Romney. Echols’ furlough expires nine days hence, and then, I think, I may safely promise myself the happiness of a visit home to enjoy for a while the loved society of wife and little ones, from whom I have been so long separated. For a while only, Love, as my duty will require me (48) to leave you soon again. I wish to pursue such a course as will give me hereafter a good opinion of myself and the good opinion of my neighbors, and neither is to be won by shrinking from the dangers and hardships of a soldier’s life when the safety of his country requires him to endure them. But for this, the titles and applause to be won by gallantry upon the field could never tempt me from home. Would you have me return there the subject of such conversation as has been freely lavished upon those who remained behind and others who turned their backs on country and comrades? I think not.

I don’t think, Love, you would know me if you could see me just now. I think I am dirtier than I ever was before, and may be lousy besides. I have not changed clothes for two weeks, and my pants have a hole in each leg nearly big enough for a dog to creep through. I have been promising myself the luxury of soap and water all over and a change of clothes to-day, but the wind blows so hard and cold I really think I should freeze in the operation. I am afraid the dirt is striking in, as I am somewhat afflicted with the baby’s complaint — a pain under the apron. I am not much afraid of it, however, as I succeeded in getting down a good dinner, which with me is generally a sign of pretty fair health. Now, Love, I will bid you good-bye, as it is very cold and uncomfortable writing, leaving the last side of my sheet unwritten.

January 27, 1862.

Yesterday I concluded, after writing this, to come to town and get comfortable quarters, as I felt much inclined to chill. I slept pretty well last night, and this morning am not suffering any pain. I hope to be well in the course of a few days. Should I get worse, I will write tomorrow. – pp. 45-49.

21. Quarles, Garland R. (12976) “Occupied Winchester 1861-1865.” for Farmers & Merchant’s National Bank. Winchester, VA: Virginia Book Company.
The Chase home during the Civil War was in a house, no longer standing at the northeast corner of Loudoun Street and Fairfax Lane (W.D.B. 10 – Page 352; 10-Page 221). p. 38.

22. Russell, William G. (1953). “What I Know About Winchester: Recollections of William Greenway Russell 1800-1891.” Garland Quarles and Lewis N. Barton editors. Winchester, Va.: The Winchester-Frederick County Historical Society.

pp. 69-70 – (On N. Loudoun Street), James Riely owned the house next to Robert Gray; . . .The house was burned some years ago, while it was occupied by Randall Evans, colored; it was rebuilt by. Wm. R. Denny and Henry Kinzel.

p. 76 – Information on the location of Randall Evans’ establishment mentioned by Cleon Moore:

Adjoining Col. Beattie’s was a small log house formerly the property of Miss Mary and Margaret Kiger, who made a very comfortable living by plaiting straw and making straw hats and bonnets. . . . The property was offered soon after they left by Dr. Schmidt of Woodstock, Va. and afterwards by a German named Salman. He kept a candy store and also a supply of oysters and liquors. . . . The building was afterwards used for the same business by Thomas Heist, and also by Randall Evans. It then became a property of Lloyd Logan.

p. 85 – (footnote 12) 145 N. Loudoun St site of Randall Evans home and business – once owned by Robert Gray (1755-1826) Sit of Newberry Store (W.D.B 1, p. 45

Snyder, Timothy R. “Trembling in the Balance: The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal During the Civil War.” Boston, MA: Blue Mustang Press. amazon.com 4 July 2013 Web. 20 March 2014.

23. Steptoe, Tom – “Joe Crane – One Man and His Family.” civilwarscholars.com 11 June 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

24. Surkamp, Jim. “C&O Canal – A Tenuous Pawn (2).” with Author Timothy R. Snyder. civilwarscholars.com 10 June 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

MAPS:

1. 1864 Virginia Engineer Map
wvgeohistory.org 5 October 2010 Web. 20 December 2017.

2. [Map of the northern part of Virginia and West Virginia, between the Blue Ridge and the Alleghany Front, south of the Potomac River and north of New Market] – 1860. loc.gov 16 June 1997 Web. 20 December 2017.

3. Route 50 today (same road used by 2nd Virginia Infantry en route to Bath
gis2.co.frederick.va.us 2 March 2013 Web. 20 December 2017.

4. Hampshire County, WV – road north from Romney Gap (Route 50) north to Bath via Unger
hampshirewv.com 28 May 2012 Web. 20 December 2017.

5. Unger, Morgan County, West Virginia
roadsidethoughts.com 5 February 2006 Web. 20 December 2017.

UNAUTHORED SOURCES:

1. “Berkeley Springs Hotel Morgan County, W. Va J.t. Trego Proprietor.” Baltimore, MD: D. Binswanger and company, Prs. p.11

2. Title: The war of the rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies.
Series I – Volume V – Chapter XIV: Official records of the Union and Confederate armies; Operations in Maryland, Northern Virginia, and West Virginia. Aug. 1, 1861-Mar. 17, 1862. Digital Library. Cornell University. 28 August 2004 Web. 10 July 2011.

Dec. 18, 1861. Reconnaissance to Pohick Church, Va.
19, 1861. Skirmish at Point of Rocks, Md.
20, 1861. Engagement at Dranesville, Va.
24-25, 1861. Scout towards Fairfax Court-House, Va.
25, 1861. Skirmish at Cherry Run, W. Va. Skirmish at Fort Frederick, Md.
28, 1861. Beckley(Raleigh Court-House), W. Va., occupied by Union forces.
29-30, 1861. Capture of Suttonville (Braxton Court-House), and skirmishes in – Clay, Braxton, and Webster Counties, W. Va. Jan. 3, 1862. Descent upon and skirmish at Huntersyille, W. Va.
3-4, 1862. Skirmishes at Bath, W. Va.
4, 1862. Skirmishes at Slane’s Cross-Roads, Great Cacapon Bridge, Sir Johns Run, and Alpine Depot, W. Va.
5-6, 1862. Bombardment of Hancock, Md.
7, 1862. Skirmish at Hanging Rock Pass, or Blues Gap, W. Va. 8, 1862. Skirmish on the Dry Fork of Cheat River, W. Va.
9, 1862. Skirmish near Pohick Run, Va.
12-23, 1862. Expedition to Logan Court-House and the Guyaudotte Valley, W. Va.
26, 1862. General G. T. Beauregard, C. S. Army, ordered from the Potomac District to Columbus, Ky.
29, 1862. Affair at Lees house, on the Occoquan, Va.
Feb. 3, 1862. Reconnaissance to Occoquan Village, i/a.
7, 1862. Expedition to Flint Hill and Hunters Mill, Va.
8, 1862. Skirmish at the month of the Blue Stone, W. Va.
14, 1862. Affair at Bloomery, W. Va.
22, 1862. Expedition to Vienna and Flint Hill, Va.
24, 1862. Affair at Lewis Chapel, near Pohick Church, Va.
Mar. 3, 1862. Skirmish at Martinsburg, W. Va.
5, 1862. Skirmish at Bunker Hill, Va. Skirmish near Pohick Church, Va.
7, 1862. Skirmish near Winchester, Va.

p. 4.

3. Title: The war of the rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies.
Series I – Volume V – Chapter XIV: Official records of the Union and Confederate armies; Operations in Maryland, Northern Virginia, and West Virginia. Aug. 1, 1861-Mar. 17, 1862. Digital Library. Cornell University. 28 August 2004 Web. 10 July 2011.

On the 1st day of the present year, Garnett’s brigade, with McLaughlins, Carpenters, and Waters batteries, Lorings command, consisting of Andersons, Gilhams, and Taliaferros brigades, Shumakers and Maryes batteries, and Meems command, moved from their various encampments near Winchester in the direction of Bath.

On the evening of the second day’s march General Carson, with part of his brigade and parts of two companies of cavalry, under Captain Harper, joined the main body, thus swelling the command to about 8,500 in the aggregate.

On January 3 the march was resumed, and when within about 10 miles of Bath the militia, under Generals Carson and Meem, inclined to the left and crossed the Warm Springs Mountain for the purpose of attacking Bath from the west, while the main body, General Loring’s command leading, continued to advance via the Frederick and Morgan turnpike. When nearly 3 miles from Bath we were met by a party of the enemy, consisting of probably 30 infantry and as many horse. After some skirmishing the enemy were driven back, 8 of them being taken prisoners. Another of the party was captured on the following morning. Oar loss was 4 wounded, 1 lieutenant and 3 privates. Darkness coming on, the command encamped for the night. – The Reports of Maj. General Thomas J. Jackson, C.S. Army, of operations from November 4, 1861 to February 21, 1862. p. 391.

4. Images of the Past: A Photographic Review of Winchester and Frederick County, Virginia. (1980). Photos selected and researched by Michael foreman, Virginia L. Miller, Reed Nester and Charles Thorne. Winchester, Va.: The Winchester-Frederick County Historical Society.
p. 43 – the southeast corner of Loudoun and Piccadilly Streets, looking south in the 1870s. . . . The J. J. Jordan Grocery on the corner was replaced by the Evans Hotel shown in the later photo (below)and in turn replaced by the Commercial and Savings bank. This is possible site of Randall Evans establishment, mentioned in Cleon Moore’s diary. p. 72 – Taylor Hotel 125 N. Loudoun Street, as it appeared in about 1890.

5. Wesley Seibert answers the last call

Shepherdstown Register., May 07, 1903, Image 3

John Wesley Seibert the well know colored barber died at his home in Shepherdstown last Sunday night. The deceased was a m uch respected man, and had a wide circle of white friends in this section who will regret his death. Wesley who was about 59 years old belong in his youth to Mrs. Betsy Morgan. At the outbreak of the Civil War he went with Company B of this place as cook and all through the war he was with the Confederate soldiers in the Second Virginia Regiment, serving them faithfully and standing by them through all their adversities. After the war he settled in Shepherdstown where he conducted a barber shop, having been located in the Entler building on Main street for 36 years. For the past year his heart has been giving him serious trouble and in February last he sold his business to Lester Wells. (The) service was one of the most remarkable demonstrations ever seen in Shepherdstown – indeed , we do not know that a similar occurrence has ever been known in this country. The Confederate Veterans and the Sons of the Confederate Veterans, command by M. J. Billmyer, marched in the funeral procession and attended the service. The most prominent business men of the town and a number of the ladies were among the white persons at the service bankers, lawyers merchants and businessmen generally paying respect to the memory of a man whose skin was dark but whose life had been faithful. The service was in charge of his paste Rev. J. E. carter, and Revs Murray of Charles town, and Greenfield of this place. Three white ministers of our town also assisted in the service, Rev. Charles Ghiselin, D. D. of the Presbyterian Church, Rev. H. H McDaniel, of the M.E. Church and Rev J. C. Thrasher of the M.E. Church South. The church was filled with white and colored people and the service was a very impressive one
chroniclingamerica.loc.gov 3 June 2008 Web. 20 December 2017.

6. Obituary: Dr. John A. Straith (mentioned in Cleon Moore’s diary):
Shepherdstown register., January 13, 1872, Image 3
chroniclingamerica.loc.gov 3 June 2008 Web. 20 December 2017.

7. Obituary: Charles Horace Gallaher
He was of the family associated with the ancient Free Press newspaper, in its day one of the most ably edited newspapers every published in a country town.
Shepherdstown register., February 02, 1911, Image 3
chroniclingamerica.loc.gov 3 June 2008 Web. 20 December 2017.

8. Obituary: Mr. Leonard Sadler, a well-known resident of Charlestown, died at his home in that place last Thursday night from nervous prostration, aged 67 years. Mr. Sadler, who was a bachelor, was a brother of Mr. J. N. Sadler, who died about three years ago. For many years they were in the furniture business and undertaking business. . . The deceased was a Confederate soldier and served throughout the civil war. He first enlisted in Company A, Second Virginia Infantry, Stonewall Brigade, in which he served for two years, and then joined Company B., Twelfth Virginia Cavalry, Gen. Rosser’s Brigade. He leaves an estate valued at $60,000. Shepherdstown register., September 29, 1898, Image 3
chroniclingamerica.loc.gov 3 June 2008 Web. 20 December 2017.

MENTIONED PRIVATE CITIZENS IN CLEON MOORE’S DIARY:

1. “Mrs. Meredith;” “Miss Meredith:”

Cleon Moore diary p. 99-100 “Mrs. Meredith’s” (of Winchester) & “Miss Meredith of Winchester” (CM, p. 102)

Meredith, James (b. 1792) silversmith;
Meredith, Elizabeth B. (b. 1803);
Meredith, Charles B. (b. 1824) merchant;
Meredith, Franklin E. (b. 1840) merchant;
Meredith, Lucy D. (b. 1844)
Meredith, Virginia F. (b. 1846);
Meredith, Fannie B. (b. 1853?)
fold3.com 16 September 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

Russell,
p. 76 – The house adjoining Mr. Sperry’s was originally used as a hotel by Gilbert Meems. Later owned by Daniel Hartman who occupied the back portion while James Meredith, a silversmith, and his family occupied the front. Merediths lived there many years; later became a restaurant run by T.C. Lambden
p. 88 footnote 40 – Merediths lived at a structure including parts of 168 N. Loudoun and 174 N. Loudoun St.

2. “Mr Ginns:”

Cleon Moore diary pp. 99-100: There were several girls here and we spent some pleasant hours. We also visited at Mr. Ginns (“George Ginn” living at 108 E. Piccadilly) – he had a grand-daughter, Betty, a very pretty girl.

George Ginn lived at 108 E. Piccadilly Street – Russell, p. 141 footnote 30.
or at 115 N. Braddock Street – Russell, p. 40

The Ginn household in Winchester with most likely persons described is the George Ginn residence. He was born in 1807 and one woman aged seventeen years is named “Mary E.” (line 1, p. 124). None of the other Ginn households have a teenaged woman in 1861-1862 and a man the age of her grandfather. Cleon Moore refers to the very pretty grand-daughter “Betty” – it is possible Mary E.’s middle name is Elizabeth.
fold3.com 16 September 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

3. Bonham – Clarke County, Va 1860 Census (Blank) page 5
Bonham, Geo S
Bonham, Wm
Bonham, Mary
Bonham, Francis
Bonham, Isaac
Bonham, Hannah
Bonham, Archie
Bonham, Daniel
Bonham, Ann
Bonham, Sebastian
Bonham, Edward
Bonham, Emma
Bonham, Charles
Bonham, Rose
Bonham, Alice

fold3.com 16 September 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

Lucy Cornelia Bonham
Female 1831 – 1867 (36 years)
sherrysharp.com 30 September 2010 Web. 20 December 2017.

Daniel S. Bonham (1806-1869) and Ann C. Eaty (born 1827)
By Michael Taylor February 24, 2003 at 06:09:44
genealogy.com 5 November 1996 Web. 20 Decmber 2017.

4. Randall Evans

Residence: Age: 69
1870 • Baltimore Ward 10, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
ancestry.com 28 October 1996 Web. 20 December 2017.

Name Randall Evans
Residence Year 1873
Street Address 47 German
Residence Place Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Occupation Restaurant
Publication Title Baltimore, Maryland, City Directory, 1873
ancestry.com 28 October 1996 Web. 20 December 2017.

On the four corners of Loudoun and Piccadilly Streets, are seen at this writing fine buildings. The S. V. N. Bank on the site of a lot owned by Daniel
Gold about 1800, where he kept a general store, prior to which it was one of the old tavern stands. Jacob Farra obtained license several times as tavern
keeper. About 1816, the first Valley Bank building was erected. Diagonally opposite, where the Evans Hotel stands, was the residence of Lewis Hoff, the
first cashier of the Valley Bank. Prior to the Civil War, the old wooden building was used by Randall Evans, father of Wm. Evans, the well-known
colored hack-man. The Kremer Bros, conducted there a general grocery after the war, until it gave place to the hotel erected by Henry Evans and Bro.,
tobacconists. Across Loudoun Street was the place known as Dunbar’s Corner for one hundred years.

Cartmell, Thomas K. (1909) “Shenandoah Valley Pioneers and their Descendants: A History of Frederick County, VA.” Winchester, VA.: Eddy Press Corp. Internet Archives: Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music, and Wayback Machine. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011. p. 298.

Today Piccadilly & Loudoun Streets Winchester
google.com/maps 13 October 2001 Web. 20 December 2017.

1860 U.S. Census – Frederick County, VA, Winchester, p. 110.
Evans, Randall
Evans, Lucinda
Evans, Mary A
Evans, Arianna
Evans, Thomas
Evans, George
Evans, Sarah
Evans, Jenny
Evans, Bushrod
Evans, Florinda
Evans, Betty
fold3.com 16 September 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

5. Stephen Goins (Goens)

Free, Black Families in Jefferson County, Va. Towns
KABLETOWN:
Free Black Families in 1860 with the number in each:
Hall 7
Newman 8
Johnson 4
Goins 13 (Stephen, Lawson Boatsmen)
Hart 4
civilwarscholars.com 9 June 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

Stephen Goins U.S. Census 1860 – Jefferson County (Blank) Kabletown p. 257.
household of boatman Lawson Goins
fold3.com 16 September 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

The 1850 Census
Name: Stephen Goins
[Stephen Grinz]
Age: 11
Birth Year: abt 1839
Birthplace: Virginia
Home in 1850: District 2 and a half, Augusta, Virginia, USA
Race: Mulatto
Gender: Male
Family Number: 1338
Household Members:
Name Age
Chapman Goins 45
Hannah Goins 39
James Goins 13
Stephen Goins 11
Isaiah Goins 8
Amelia F Goins 7
Hary J Goins 4
ancestry.com 28 October 1996 Web. 20 December 2017.

6. THE STROTHER FAMILY – Census – US Federal 1860
… Virginia › Morgan › District No 3 › Page 69.

Names:
Strother, John (b. ~1793)
Strother, Emily (b. ~1850)
Strother, David Hunter (b.
Strother, Elizabeth P (b. ~1796)
fold3.com 16 September 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

2ND VIRGINIA INFANTRY, JEFFERSON COUNTY MEN MENTIONED IN CLEON MOORE’S DIARY:

1. AISQUITH, CHARLES W.: b. in Jefferson Co. 5’8″. fair complexion, blue eyes, dark hair. Clerk. enl. 4/18/61 at Charles Town in Co. G as Pvt. To Sgt., date not listed. Wded. in neck at 1st Manassas, 7/21/61. Returned to duty 9/25/61. Absent sick Nov./Dec. 1861. Present again 4/30-10/31, 1862. Hospitalized 4/5/63, chronic diarrhea. Last official entry shows him commissioned as hospital steward, 6/1/63. d. 4/2/92. bur. Zion Episcopal Cem., Charles Town, W.Va.
fold3.com 16 September 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

2. BOTTS, LAWSON: b. 7/25/25 at Fredericksburg. Attended V.M.I. 1841. Lawyer in Charles Town. m. Sarah Elizabeth Bibb Ranson, 1851. Defense attorney for John Brown during the early stages of Brown’s trial. Commissioned Capt. of Botts Greys, pre-war militia Co. from Charles Town, 11/4/59. Capt. Co. G. 2nd Va. Vol. Inf., 5/3/61. To Maj., 6/12/61. To Lt. Col., 9/11/61. To Col. 6/27/62. Provost Marshal at Winchester, Nov-Dec. 1861. MWIA when shot through cheek and mouth at 2nd Manassas, 8/28/62. d. 9/16/62 at Middleburg. bur. Zion Episcopal Cem., Charles Town, W.Va.

3. FLAGG, GEORGE H.: b. 4/9/32. 5’7″. light complexion, blue eyes, light hair. Farmer. enl. 4/21/61 at Harpers Ferry in Co. G as Pvt. Elected Lt. 4/20/62. Signs roll as commanding Co., Jan.-Feb. 1864. Stuart Hosp., Richmond, 3/26-4/2 1865; rheumatism. Paroled 4/19/65 at Winchester. d. 3/25/00. bur. Zion Episcopal Cem., Charles Town, W.Va. fold3.com 16 September 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

4. GALLAHER, CHARLES HORACE: b. 4/17/39. 5’10,”. florid complexion, blue eyes, amber hair. Clerk. enl. 4/18/61 at Charles Town in Co. G as Pvt. To Sgt. 10/13/63. Wded. in head at Payne’s Farm, 11/27/63. Chimborazo #3, 11/30/63. To Staunton, 12/8//63. Returned to duty 2/11/64. POW at Spotsylvania, 5/12/64 (Pt. Lookout, Elmira). Exchanged 2/20/65. paroled 4/30//65 at Staunton. d. 1/29/11. bur. Edge Hill Cem., Charles Town, W.Va.

5. MOORE, CLEON: b. 11/24/40. Teacher. enl. 4/18/61 at Charles Town in Co G as Pvt. To Corp 8/23/61. To Lt. Nov/Dec. 1862. Absent sick at hosp., 10/15/61 Present again Nov/Dec 186l Last official records state he was on duty with Provost Guard, 10/12/Nov. 1864. Surrendered at Appomattox. Postwar, lawyer d. 12/26/14 bur. Edge Hill Charles Town, WVa.

6. ROBINSON, FREDERICK M.: b. 1831? Tailor and postal worker in Charles Town. enl. 5/9/61 at Harpers Ferry in Co. G as Pvt. AWOL since 12/27/61. Gen. Hosp. #13, Richmond, 10/31-11/15/1862; rheumatism. Gen. Hosp. Camp Winder, Richmond, 11/17-1/27 1862; acute diarrhea. Absent on detail with extra baggage, Jan/Feb.-May/June 1863. Absent on detail with Ord. train, May/June-8/6 1863. AWOL 2/11-3/20 1864. Chimborazo #5, 3/12/64; gonorrhea. To Chimborazo #2, 4/10/64. To Farmville, 5/5/64. To Chimborazo #4, 5/19-9/20 1864. Last official entry shows him present again by 10/31/64. POW (Rebel deserter) at Brandy Station, 4/6/65. Took oath and sent to New York City.

7. SADLER, LEONARD L.: b. 4/16/32. Merchant. enl. 6/14/61 at Charles Town in Co. A as Pvt. Last official entry shows him absent sick, Nov/Dec. 1862. No further record. d. 9/22/98. bur. Zion Episcopal Cem., Charles Town, W.Va. fold3.com 16 September 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

Mr. Leonard Sadler, a well-known resident of Charlestown, died at his home in that place last Thursday night from nervous prostration, aged 67 years. Mr. Sadler, who was a bachelor, was a brother of Mr. J. N. Sadler, who died about three years ago. For many years they were in the furniture business and undertaking business. . . The deceased was a Confederate soldier and served throughout the civil war. He first enlisted in Company A, Second Virginia Infantry, Stonewall Brigade, in which he served for two years, and then joined Company B., Twelfth Virginia Cavalry, Gen. Rosser’s Brigade. He leaves an estate valued at $60,000.
Shepherdstown Register., September 29, 1898, Image 3. chroniclingamerica.loc.gov 3 June 2008 Web. 20 December 2017.

8. STRAITH, JOHN ALEXANDER: b. 1/26/35. Physician. Apptd. Asst Surg., 2nd Va. Inf., 5/17/61. Last official entry shows him present, Nov/Dec. 1861. No further record. d. 1/4/72. bur. Zion Episcopal Cem., Charles Town, W.Va.

9. TOWNER, JAMES L. b. about 1828. occupation postmaster. enl. 4/18/61 Halltown. Pvt. 7-8/61 absent on recruiting service not mustered. Present 9-10/61 and 11-12/61. Absent sick 1-2/62. absent sick behind enemy lines 3-4/62. d. 4/16/91. fold3.com 16 September 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

James L. Towner appears in 1870 Census in Baltimore, Md. Ward 3; in 1850 Census in Shepherdstown, then-Va.
ancestry.com 28 October 1996 Web. 20 December 2017.

James L Towner
in the 1870 United States Federal Census
Name: James L Towner
Age in 1870: 40
Birth Year: abt 1830
Birthplace: Virginia
Dwelling Number: 229
Home in 1870: Baltimore Ward 13, Baltimore, Maryland
Race: White
Gender: Male
Occupation: Clerk In Dry Good Store
Male Citizen Over 21: Y
Personal Estate Value: 4000
Household Members:
Name Age
James L Towner 40
Louisa Towner 23
Lillie L Towner 1
Lewis Daicker 18
Mary E Johnson 16
ancestry.com 28 October 1996 Web. 20 December 2017.

10. WINTERMOYER, WILLIAM. b. abt. 1829. weaver. enlisted Co. B. 4/18/61. Present 7-12/61 and 1-2/62. AWOL 3-4-/62. AWOL since 5/1/62. Dropped from the roll 12/22/62.

12TH VIRGINIA CAVALRY MAN FROM JEFFERSON COUNTY MENTIONED BY CLEON MOORE:

CRANE, JOSEPH: b. 6/28/42. 5’7″. fair complexion, blue eyes, light hair. Clerk. enl. 5/28/61 at Camp Johnston at Harpers Ferry in Co. G 2nd Va. Inf. as Pvt. Absent sick 7/15-10/28/61. No further Infantry record. enl. 12/1/62 at Charles Town in Co. B of 12th Va. Cav. as Pvt. Present Nov.-Dec. 1863. Absent sick Jan./Feb. 1864. Still absent sick 3/25/64. Entry on 4/30/64 muster shows him absent sick at hosp. since 4/5/64. Paid Nov. 1864. No further record. Paroled at Winchester 4/19/65. Postwar, resident of Charles Town, W.Va. d. 7/18/04 at Charles Town, W.Va. bur. Zion Episcopal Cem., Charles Town, W.Va.

Frye, Dennis. (1988). “12th Virginia Cavalry.” Lynchburg, VA: H.E. Howard Publishers.

Men in the 2nd Virginia Infantry with Cleon Moore whose records show sickness and/or hospitalized for sickness between November-December, 1861 and February, 1862 – the time of bad weather, deprivations, the difficult winter marches and encampments (See text of post) – Frye, Dennis. (1984). “2nd Virginia Infantry.” Lynchburg, VA: H.E. Howard Publishers; civilwarscholars.com 9 June 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

IMAGE CREDITS:

1. Well darn my stockings
Serial: Harper’s New Monthly Magazine Volume 0049 Issue 290 (July 1874)
Title: The Mountains–IX. [pp. 156-168] Author: Crayon, Porte. Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014. 7 May 2008. Web. 29 May 2011. p. 167.

2. Hotchkiss at first image
[Map of the northern part of Virginia and West Virginia, between the Blue Ridge and the Alleghany Front, south of the Potomac River and north of New Market] – 1860. loc.gov 16 June 1997 Web. 20 December 2017.

3. Montage of people and quotes

4. Montage people (See listing) in next section

5. John Casler (1838-1926)
Casler, John O. (1906). “Four years in the Stonewall Brigade, containing the daily experiences of four year’s service in the ranks from a diary kept at the time.” Marietta, GA: Continental Book Company. Internet Archives . 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011.
frontispiece.
John O. Casler in 1863 p. 39.

6. Apple Maps

7. David Hunter Strother, Recruiting for Virginia, Pierre Morand Memorial, Special Collections, Library of Virginia edu.lva.virginia.gov 1 August 2015 Web. 20 December 2017.

8. The campaign on the Potomac – unsuccessful attempt of the Rebels to destroy dam no. 5, on the upper Potomac, near Williamsport, Maryland, December 1861 / from a sketch by Capt. Henry Bacon for the 13th Massachusetts Volunteers. loc.gov 16 June 1997 Web. 20 December 2017.

9. Henry Kyd Douglas
nps.gov 13 April 1997 Web. 20 December 2017.

10. Diospyros virginiana
Katja Schulz, CC BY – 2.0
plants.ces.ncsu.edu 30 November 2013 Web. 20 December 2017.

11. Stonewall Jackson, “Chancellorsville” portrait, taken at a Spotsylvania County farm on April 26, 1863.
wikipedia.org 27 July 2001 Web. 20 December 2017.

12. Cleon Moore – County Clerk’s office Jefferson County courthouse, Charles Town, WV

13. Stephen Goins of Kabletown (1837-1890)(semblance only)
Title: James River & Kanawha Canal November 1856
Collection: West Virginia Historical Art Collection
Type: Drawing
Identifier: W1995.030.257
images.lib.wvu.edu 22 September 2004 Web. 20 December 2017.

14. John Wesley Seibert – James Surkamp/Goldsborough collection

15. Woman Reading by Candlelight (1908). Peter Ilsted (Danish, 1861-1933)
the-athenaeum.org 23 May 2002 Web. 20 December 2017.

16. Julia Chase (1831-1908) (semblance only)
Serial: Harper’s New Monthly Magazine Volume 0011 Issue 63 (August 1855)
Title: Virginia Illustrated [pp. 289-311]. Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014. 7 May 2008. Web. 29 May 2011.
p. 295.

17. Mrs. Meredith (semblance)
Serial: Harper’s New Monthly Magazine Volume 0035 Issue 207 (August, 1867)
Title: Personal Recollections Of the War [pp. 273-296] Author: Strother, D. H.
Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014. 7 May 2008. Web. 29 May 2011.
p. 291.

18. George Ginns (semblance) BIRTH?
Date: June 25, 1859
Title: Col. Baker Bakersville N.C.
Collection: West Virginia Historical Art Collection
Identifier: W1995.030.265
images.lib.wvu.edu 22 September 2004 Web. 20 December 2017.

19. Randall Evans (semblance) (1800- ?)
Serial: Harper’s New Monthly Magazine Volume 0010 Issue 55 (December 1854)
Title: Virginia Illustrated [pp. 1-25] by a Virginian (David Hunter Strother). Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014. 7 May 2008. Web. 29 May 2011. p. 6.

20. Lawson Botts (1825-1862)
“Lawson Botts.” House Divided: The Civil War Research Engine at Dickinson College
hd.housedivided.dickinson.edu 6 Oct. 2008. Web. 5 December 2017.

21. Towner acting up DHS Aug 1855 p. 291
Serial: Harper’s New Monthly Magazine Volume 0011 Issue 63 (August 1855)
Title: Virginia Illustrated [pp. 289-311]. Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014. 7 May 2008. Web. 29 May 2011.
p. 291.

22. George M. Neese (1840-1941)
vagenweb.org 8 August 2002 Web. 20 December 2017.

23. Full moon and clouds

24. oval Wormser brothers amber flask
WORMSER BROS. / SAN FRANCISCO (amber flask to far right) – This bottle is an example of a larger (8.5″ tall and 3.4″ at its widest) union oval type flask with rounded sides, i.e., totally oval in cross section. It was possibly blown at one of the early San Francisco, CA. glass works (i.e., Pacific Glass Works or San Francisco Glass Works) though could have been blown on the Eastern Seaboard (possibly in Stoddard, NH. according to one source), has an applied double ring finish, post-bottom mold produced, lacks any evidence of mold air venting, and dates from between about 1867 and 1872 (Wilson & Wilson 1968; Thomas 2002). (Photo courtesy of American Bottle Auctions.)
sha.org 2 December 1998 Web. 20 December 2017.

25. Sandie Pendleton
encyclopediavirginia.org 8 November 2006 Web. 20 December 2017.

26. cover; Charles Lamb; Ye Delightful Pig; BO-BO PLAYETH WITH FIRE; YE FIRST TASTE; YE FAMILY REJOICETH; YE JUDGE SPECULATETH; YE SAGE MAKETH A DISCOVERY; YE PIG TWIRLETH; YE AROMATIC PIG;
Lamb, Charles. (1888). “A Dissertation on roast Pig.” Illustrator: L. J. Bridgman. Boston, MA: D. Lothrop Company. Release Date: August 26, 2013 [EBook #43566]
gutenberg.org 4 April 1997 Web. 20 December 2017.

27. The Vidette by N. C. Wyeth
Johnston, Mary. (1911) “The Long Roll.” New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin. Internet Archives. archive.org 26 January 1997 Web. 20 December 2017.
p. 642.

28. Bivouac by the Federal Troops Sunday night by T. de Thulstrup
“Battles and Leaders. Vol. 1.” (1887). Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buel (Ed.). New York, NY: Century Co. Internet Archives archive.org. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 26 Sept. 2010. p. 482.

29. sunrise – National Park Service

Montage – Map (same as #2); and:
30. A Virginian (D.H. Strother). “Virginia Canaan.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine. New York, NY: Harper and Bros. Volume 8, Issue 43, December, 1853. pp. 18-36. Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014. 7 May 2008. Web. 29 May 2011.
p. 31 – Mr. Jones’s legacy (worn out pair of boots).

31. The Mountaineer.
Harper’s New Monthly Magazine Volume 0034 Issue 204 (May 1867)
Title: Personal Recollections of the War [pp. 714-734]. Author: Strother, D. H.
Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014. 7 May 2008. Web. 29 May 2011.
p. 714.

32. Strother, David H., “Personal Recollections of the Civil War.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine. New York, NY: Harper and Bros. Volume 33, Issue: 194, July, 1866. pp. 172-192. Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014.
p. 151 – Not at home.

33. William Loring (1818-1886)
W. W. Loring photo added by Bill
findagrave.com 5 December 1998 Web. 20 December 2017.

34. Montage Henry and Tippie
Henry Kyd Douglas
findagrave.com 5 December 1998 Web. 20 December 2017.

35. Tippie Boteler – courtesy the Boteler/Pendleton Family civilwarscholars.com 10 June 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

36. Warm Springs – Bath
Strother, David H., “Virginia Illustrated.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, New York, NY: Harper and Bros. Volume 10, Issue: 57, (Feb., 1855). pp. 289-311. Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014. p. 304.

37. Gilbert Meem (1824-1908)
added by Bill McKern findagrave.com 5 December 1998 Web. 20 December 2017.

38. John Strother (1792-1862) (semblance) by David Hunter Strother.
Title: March 1st 1874.
Donor: John Strother donation to West Virginia Collection
Collection: West Virginia Historical Art Collection
Type: Drawing
Identifier: W1995.030.389pg2
images.lib.wvu.edu 22 September 2004 Web. 20 December 2017.

39. Emily Strother (1850-1935)
wmstrother.org 12 December 1996 Web. 20 December 2017.

40. David Hunter Strother – son and father (1816-1888)
civildiscourse-historyblog.com 15 March 2015 Web. 20 December 2017.

41. Montage Guinot, Eugene. (1861). “L’été à Bade.” Paris, E. Bourdin [etc.] Internet Archives archive.org 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 26 Sept. 2010.
Guignot – Hotel de Russie Baden Baden p. 186.

42. Guignot – empty ballroom Baden Baden p. 162.

43. Montage Baden Baden
Lever, Charles J. (1852). “The Daltons. Three Roads in Life.” London, UK: Chapman and Hall. Internet Archives. archive.org 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 26 Sept. 2010.
Lever – The Daltons p. 56.

44. Lever – The Daltons p. 108.

45. Lever – The Daltons title page.

46. Hotchkiss at first image (same as # 2 but detail)
[Map of the northern part of Virginia and West Virginia, between the Blue Ridge and the Alleghany Front, south of the Potomac River and north of New Market] – 1860. loc.gov 16 June 1997 Web. 20 December 2017.

47. “The Picket Guard” by N.C. Wyeth, painted in 1922, was inspired by the Civil War poem of the same name by Ethel Lynn Beers
duxburyinthecivilwar.wordpress.com 30 November 2011 Web. 20 December 2017.

48. Wood fire in the snow
survivaljoe.net 23 May 2019. Web. 20 December 2017.

49. All in my eye rain
A Virginian. “Virginia Canaan.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine. New York, NY: Harper and Bros. Volume 8, Issue 43, December, 1853. pp. 18-36. Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014. 7 May 2008. Web. 29 May 2011.
p. 28.

50. Berkley Spring Hotel postcard.

51. Men sleeping
Serial: The Century; a popular quarterly Volume 0041 Issue 5 (Mar 1891)
Title: Experiences of War Prisoners. Plain Living at Johnson’s Island [pp. 705-718]
Author: Carpenter, Horace. Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014. 7 May 2008. Web. 29 May 2011.
p. 705.

52. really snow covered pine trees
i.pinimg.com 28 December 2015 Web. 20 December 2017.

Montage Map Hancock, Bath, Unger’s Store, Romney & Winchester
53. CLEON Movement mid-January 1862 Hotchkiss
(Hotchkiss – Map loc.gov). Same as #2
[Map of the northern part of Virginia and West Virginia, between the Blue Ridge and the Alleghany Front, south of the Potomac River and north of New Market] – 1860. loc.gov 16 June 1997 Web. 20 December 2017.

54. men sitting around a camp fire
A Virginian (David Hunter Strother). “Virginia Canaan.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine. New York, NY: Harper and Bros. Volume 8, Issue 43, December, 1853. pp. 18-36. Cornell Digital Library: 7 May 2008. Web. 29 May 2011. p. 24.

55.sick or wounded man on the floor of a house
Strother, David H., “Personal Recollections of the Civil War.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine. New York, NY: Harper and Bros. Volume 34, Issue: 204, May, 1867. pp. 714-734. Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014. p. 725.

56. Romney by Alfred R. Waud
“Battles and Leaders. Vol. 1.” (1887). Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buel (Ed.). New York, NY: Century Co. Internet Archives: archive.org. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 26 Sept. 2010. p. 148.

57. Elisha Franklin Paxton
wikipedia.org 4 September 2004 Web. 20 December 2017

58. two men in heavy coats facing a strong wind
Serial: Carpenter, Horace.”Experiences of War Prisoners. Plain Living at Johnson’s Island.” The Century; a popular quarterly Volume 41 Issue 5 (Mar 1891). [pp. 705-718.]. p. 711.

59. one man struggling heavy snow
Strother, David H., “Virginia Illustrated.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, New York, NY: Harper and Bros. Volume 10, Issue: 57, (Feb., 1855). pp. 289-311. Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014. p. 308.

60. Dr. Charles Clark of the 39th Illinois infantry
Dr. Charles Merrill Clark photo added by Mike Serpa
Birth 8 Oct 1834 Manlius, Onondaga County, New York, USA
Death 28 Dec 1903 Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, USA
Burial Graceland Cemetery Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, USA
Plot Section: A, Sub Lot: 68 & E. 1/2, Grave: 8
findagrave.com 5 December 1998 Web. 20 December 2017.

61. Montage
James Walkinshaw Allen
Julia Allen – letter to a relative February 11, 1862 from Winchester regarding the poor health of her husband James Allen – previously at the website of the Virginia Military Institute archives and is in possession of the family. archivesweb.vmi.edu 13 January 2013. Web. 20 December 2017.

62. Macon, Emma Cassandra Riely. (1911). “Reminiscences of the Civil War.” [Cedar Rapids, Ia.] Priv. Print. [The Torch Press]. Internet Archives: 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 26 Sept. 2010. p. 8.

Montage
63. site Randall Evans’ place N. Loudoun & Piccadilly Sts., Winchester, Va.
book – Images of the Past – Winchester & Frederick County. p. 42
David Hunter Strother p. 6 – Same as No. 19

Montage
64. Map by Jedediah Hotchkiss (same as second image in the post)
[Map of the northern part of Virginia and West Virginia, between the Blue Ridge and the Alleghany Front, south of the Potomac River and north of New Market] – 1860. loc.gov 16 June 1997 Web. 20 December 2017.

65. Daniel S. and Mrs. Bonham
geni.com 3 March 2000 Web 20 December 2017.

66. Pulling and pushing a horse uphill by David Hunter Strother (“A Virginian”). “Virginian Canaan.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine Volume 8 Issue 43 (December 1853). pp. 18-36. Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014. p. 25.

67. Two women listening
Strother, David H., “Virginia Illustrated.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, New York, NY: Harper and Bros. Volume 10, Issue: 55, (Dec., 1854). pp. 1-25. Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014. p. 2.

68. Cleon Moore – Jefferson County Courthouse, Charles Town, WV.

69. Men carousing
Strother, David H., “Virginia Illustrated.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, New York, NY: Harper and Bros. Volume 11, Issue: 63, (Aug., 1855). pp. 289-311. Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014. p. 291.

Montage Eugene Ferris and Emma Bonham (semblance only)
70. Eugene Ferris – cdm16635.contentdm.oclc.org 13 January 2013 Web. 20 December 2017.

71. Emma Bonham (semblance only) – A Day Dream by Eastman Johnson. athenaeum.org 1 December 1998 Web. 20 December 2017.

72. James G. Wiltshire
Williamson, James J. (1896). “Mosby’s Rangers [electronic resource]: a record of the operations of the Forty-third Battalion Virginia Cavalry, from its organization to the surrender, from the diary of a private, supplemented and verified with official reports of federal officers and also of Mosby: with personal reminiscences, sketches of skirmishes, battles and bivouacs, dashing raids and daring adventures, scenes and incidents in the history of Mosby’s command: containing over 200 illustrations, including portraits of many of Mosby’s men and of federal officers with whom they came in contact, views, engagements, etc., maps of “Mosby’s Confederacy” and localities in which he operated: muster rolls, occupation and present whereabouts of surviving members.” New York, NY: R.B. Kenyon. Internet Archives. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 10 Sept. 2010.
p. 370 – James G. Wiltshire

ACTUAL IMAGES OF NAMED PERSONS in “Montage people” and includes a few others mentioned in the post.:

1.Daniel S. Bonham and wife (1808-1869)
geni.com 3 March 2000 Web 20 December 2017.

2. Helen Macon “Tippie” Boteler Pendleton May 4, 1840 to October 20, 1914 (1840-1914)
NSDAR Beeline Chapter (1980). “Tombstone Inscriptions of Jefferson County” Hagerstown, MD: HPB, Inc. Elmwood Cemetery p. 186; Leslie Keller representing the Pendleton Family.

3. Lawson Botts (1825-1862)
“Lawson Botts.” House Divided: The Civil War Research Engine at Dickinson College 6 Oct. 2008. Web. 5 May 2011.

4. John Casler (1838-1926)
Casler, John O. (1906). “Four years in the Stonewall Brigade, containing the daily experiences of four year’s service in the ranks from a diary kept at the time.” Marietta, GA: Continental Book Company. Internet Archives . 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011.
frontispiece.
John O. Casler in 1863 p. 39.

Pvt John Overton Casler
BIRTH 1 Dec 1838 Frederick County, Virginia, USA
DEATH 8 Jan 1926 Ardmore, Carter County, Oklahoma, USA
BURIAL Fairlawn Cemetery Oklahoma City, Oklahoma County, Oklahoma, USA
findagrave.com 5 December 1998 Web. 20 December 2017.

5. Dr. Charles M. Clark (1834-1903) – 39th Illinois Infantry
Forbush, Bradley ed. 13th Mass.org. 29 May 2002 Web. 23 March 2012.
Dr. Charles Merrill Clark photo added by Mike Serpa
Birth 8 Oct 1834 Manlius, Onondaga County, New York, USA
Death 28 Dec 1903 Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, USA
Burial Graceland Cemetery Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, USA
Plot Section: A, Sub Lot: 68 & E. 1/2, Grave: 8
findagrave.com 5 December 1998 Web. 20 December 2017.

6. Joseph Crane (1842-1904) June 28, 1842 to July 18, 1904
Baylor, George. (1900).”Bull Run to Bull Run: Four years in the army of northern Virginia.” Richmond, VA: B. F. Johnson Publishing. Internet Archives. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 March 2011. p. 81.

NSDAR Beeline Chapter (1980). “Tombstone Inscriptions of Jefferson County” Hagerstown, MD: HPB, Inc. Elmwood Cemetery p. 360.

7. Henry Kyd Douglas (1838-1903)
BIRTH 29 Sep 1838 Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, West Virginia, USA
DEATH 18 Dec 1903 Hagerstown, Washington County, Maryland, USA
findagrave.com 5 December 1998 Web. 20 December 2017.

8. Eugene W. Ferris (1841-1907)
wikipedia.org 27 July 2001 Web. 20 December 2017.

Eugene W. Ferris
Officers 30th MA
Title MOLLUS-Mass Civil War Photograph Collection Volume 104
Volume 104
Page 5351-5400
Date 1861; 1862; 1863; 1864; 1865
Description The MOLLUS-MASS Civil War Photographs Collection contains the bound volumes form the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States (MOLLUS), Massachusetts Commandary. These photographs are a mix of Civil war soldiers, both during the war and after. There are also battlefields, MOLLUS Commanders, MOLLUS headquarters and a variety of photographs.
MOLLUS-Mass Civil War Photograph Collection Volume 104
cdm16635.contentdm.oclc.org 13 January 2013 Web. 20 December 2017.

9. Portrait sérieux d’Eugène Guinot (1812-1861), homme de lettres.
parismuseescollections.paris.fr 7 May 2016 Web. 20 December 2017.

10. Thomas Jonathan “Stonewall” Jackson (1824-1863)
photo taken at Winchester, Virginia
Description: Confederate general Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson.
Date November 1862
Source Valentine Richmond History Center, Cook Collection
Author: Nathaniel Routzahn (1822 – 1908), Winchester, Virginia
wikipedia.org 27 July 2001 Web. 20 December 2017.

11. Charles Lamb (1775-1834) 10 February 1775 to 27 December 1834
wikipedia.org 27 July 2001 Web. 20 December 2017.
gutenberg.org 4 April 1997 Web. 20 December 2017.

12. Charles J. Lever (1806-1872) author of The Daltons
from 1858 book “Cyclopedia of Wit and Humor” edited by William E. Burton.
wikipedia.org 27 July 2001 Web. 20 December 2017.

13. Gilbert Meem (1824-1908)
findagrave.com 5 December 1998 Web. 20 December 2017. Photo added by Bill McKern

14. Cleon Moore (1840-1914)
Image Clerk’s Office Jefferson County Courthouse, Charles Town, Wv.
Frye, Dennis. (1984). “2nd Virginia Infantry.” Lynchburg, VA: H.E. Howard Publishers.

15. George M. Neese (1840-1941)
vagenweb.org 8 August 2002 Web. 20 December 2017.

16. Helen Macon “Tippie” Boteler Pendleton May 4, 1840 to October 20, 1914 (1840-1914)
NSDAR Beeline Chapter (1980). “Tombstone Inscriptions of Jefferson County” Hagerstown, MD: HPB, Inc. Elmwood Cemetery p. 186; Leslie Keller representing the Pendleton Family.

17. Elisha Franklin Paxton (1828-1863)
wikipedia.org 27 July 2001 Web. 20 December 2017.

18. Sandie Pendleton (1840-1864) September 28, 1840 to September 23, 1864
wikipedia.org 27 July 2001 Web. 20 December 2017.

19. Emma Cassandra Riely (1847-1942)
Macon, Emma Cassandra Riely. (1911). “Reminiscences of the Civil War.” [Cedar Rapids, Ia.] Priv. Print. [The Torch Press]. Internet Archives: 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 26 Sept. 2010. frontispiece.

20. Leonard Sadler (1832-1898) April 16, 1832 to September 22, 1898.
Baylor, George. (1900).”Bull Run to Bull Run: Four years in the army of northern Virginia.” Richmond, VA: B. F. Johnson Publishing. Internet Archives. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 1 December 2017. p. 269.

NSDAR Beeline Chapter (1980). “Tombstone Inscriptions of Jefferson County” Hagerstown, MD: HPB, Inc. Elmwood Cemetery p. 374.; shown with Archibald Aisquith, Frye, Dennis. (1988). “12th Virginia Cavalry.” Lynchburg, VA: H.E. Howard Publishers.

21. John Wesley Seibert (1846-1903)
Jim Surkamp and Goldsborough collection

22. Emily Strother (1850-1935)
Title: (detail Emily only) Emily [Strother] and Mahala July 8th 1857
Collection: West Virginia Historical Art Collection
Type: Drawing
Identifier: W1995.030.387pg37
images.lib.wvu.edu 22 September 2004 Web. 20 December 2017.

Also

File name: Walker_Emily_S#0110A – 2000-07-08.jpg
File Size: 617.3k
Dimensions: 1541 x 1802
Keywords: William
Caption 0110A Emily Strother (David Hunter, John, Benjamin, Anthony, William) b. 21 Mar 1850 Submitted by Sarah Strother King
wmstrother.org 12 December 1998 Web. 20 December 2017.

23. James G. Wiltshire (1843-1920)
Bio James G. WiltshireShepherd, Henry E. ed.(1893). The History of Baltimore From Its Founding As A Town To The Current Year.” Baltimore, MD: S.B. Nelson.
books.google.com 24 November 2005 Web. 21 October 2017.
p. 611.

James Gerard Wiltshire in the Directory of Deceased American Physicians, 1804-1929
Directory of Deceased American Physicians, 1804-1929
Name: James Gerard Wiltshire
Birth Date: 1847
Death Date: 28 Oct 1920
Death Place: Baltimore, MD
Type Practice: Allopath
Practice Specialties: Baltimore, MD, 1869
Licenses: MD
Practice Dates Places: Baltimore, MD, 1869
Medical School: University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore: University of Maryland School of Medicine and Coll of Phys and Surgeons, 1869,
ancestry.com 28 October 1996 Web. 20 December 2017.

Williamson, James J. (1896). “Mosby’s Rangers [electronic resource]: a record of the operations of the Forty-third Battalion Virginia Cavalry, from its organization to the surrender, from the diary of a private, supplemented and verified with official reports of federal officers and also of Mosby: with personal reminiscences, sketches of skirmishes, battles and bivouacs, dashing raids and daring adventures, scenes and incidents in the history of Mosby’s command: containing over 200 illustrations, including portraits of many of Mosby’s men and of federal officers with whom they came in contact, views, engagements, etc., maps of “Mosby’s Confederacy” and localities in which he operated: muster rolls, occupation and present whereabouts of surviving members.” New York, NY: R.B. Kenyon. Internet Archives. 27 Oct. 2009. Web. 10 Sept. 2010.
p. 370 – James G. Wiltshire